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Ultimate Sadness > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

tsp, ml conversion

A

1 tsp = 5 ml

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2
Q

tbsp, ml conversion

A

1 tbsp = 15 ml

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3
Q

fl oz, ml conversion

A

1 fl oz = 30 ml

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4
Q

cup, oz, ml conversion

A

1 cup = 8 oz = 240 ml

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5
Q

pint, oz, ml conversion

A

1 pint = 16 oz = 480 ml

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6
Q

qt, pint, ml conversion

A

1 qt = 2 pint = 960 ml

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7
Q

gl, qt, ml conversion

A

1 gallon = 4 qt = 3840 ml

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8
Q

kg, lb conversion

A

1 kg = 2.2 lbs

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9
Q

oz, g conversion

A

1 oz = 28.4 g

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10
Q

lb, g, oz conversion

A

1 lb = 454 g = 16 oz

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11
Q

grain, mg conversion

A

1 grain = 65 mg

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12
Q

inch, cm conversion

A

1 inch = 2.54 cm

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13
Q

meter, cm conversion

A

1 meter = 100 cm

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14
Q

% w/v equation

A

X g ÷ 100 ml

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15
Q

% v/v equation

A

X ml ÷ 100 ml

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16
Q

% w/w equation

A

X g ÷ 100 g

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17
Q

ratio strength equation

A

percentage strength = 100 ÷ ratio strength

ratio strength = 100 ÷ percentage strength

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18
Q

ppm, percentage strength conversion

A

ppm → percentage strength: move decimal left by four places

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19
Q

specific gravity equation

A

weight of substance (g) ÷ weight of equl volume of water (g)

g ÷ mL

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20
Q

alligation

A

high [ ] …………………….x parts of higher [ ]
————-desired [ ]———————-
low [ ]……………………….x parts of lower [ ]

  • high goes high: write the higher [ ] on the top left
  • low goes low: write the lower [ ] on the lower left
  • write the desired [ ] in the middle
  • subtract the diagonally to obtain the parts (high/low [ ] and the desired [ ])
  • divide the total desired amount by the sum of parts to get amount per part
  • x parts of higher multiplied by amount per part to get how much of higher
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21
Q

osmolarity equation

A

mOsm/L = [wt of substance (g/L)] ÷ [MW (g/mole)] x (# of particles) x 1000

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22
Q

isotonicity equation

A

E = [58.5 x i] ÷ [MW of drug x 1.8]

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23
Q

mols equation

A

mol = g ÷ MW

mmol = mg ÷ MW

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24
Q

milliequivalents equation

A

mEq = (mg x valence) ÷ MW = mmols x valence

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25
Q

carbs, proteins kcals

A

4 kcal/gram

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26
Q

fat kcal

A

9 kcal/gram

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27
Q

dextrose kcal

A

2.4 kcal/ gram

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28
Q

amino acid soln kcal

A

4 kcal/gram

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29
Q

ILE 10% = _ kcal/mL

A

1.1 kcal/ml

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30
Q

ILE 20% = _ kcal/ml

A

2 kcal/ml

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31
Q

ILE 30% = _ kcal/ml

A

3 kcal/ml

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32
Q

equation to determine fluid needs

A

1500 mL + (20 ml)(weight in kg - 20)

can also roughly estimate using 30-40 ml/kg/day

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33
Q

total energy expenditure equation

A

TEE = BEE x activity factor x stress factor

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34
Q

grams of nitrogen from protein equation

A

nitrogen (g) = protein intake (g) ÷ 6.25

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35
Q

corrected Ca for albumin < 3.5

not needed if ionized Ca

A

Ca corrected (mg/dL) = Ca + [(4.0 - albumin) x 0.8]

36
Q

BMI

A

BMI = weight (kg) ÷ height (m^2) = [weight (lbs) / height (in^2)] x 703

37
Q

IBW equation

A

males: 50 kg + [2.3 x (height - 60 inches)]
females: 45.5 kg + [2.3 x (height - 60 inches)]

38
Q

Adj BW equation

A

AdjBW = IBW + 0.4 (TBW - IBW)

39
Q

when to use TBW vs IBW

A
  • use TBW if underweight
  • if normal weight or greater, most drugs do TBW
  • drugs that use IBW: acylovir, aminophylline, levothyroxine, and theophylline (but only if not underweight)
  • drugs that use AdjBW: AG (but only if obse)
40
Q

lab value determining dehydration

A

BUN:SCr > 20:1

41
Q

Cockcroft-Gault

A

CrCl (ml/min) = [(140 - age) ÷ (72 x SCr)] x weight (kg)

multiply by 0.85 if female

42
Q

pH value of acidosis

A

< 7.35

43
Q

pH of alkalosis

A

> 7.45

44
Q

arterial blood gas order

xx/xx/xx/xx/xx

A

pH / pCO2 / pO2 / HCO3 / O2 sat

45
Q

respiratory alkalosis ABG lab value

A

pCO2 < 35

46
Q

respiratory acidosis ABG definition

A

pCO2 > 45

47
Q

metabolic acidosis ABG dfinition

A

HCO3 < 22

48
Q

metabolic alkalosis ABG definition

A

HCO3 > 26

49
Q

anion gap equation

A

AG = Na - Cl - HCO3

50
Q

pH equation

A

pKa + log [salt/acid]

or base/salt

51
Q

% ionization of a weak acid

A

% ionization = 100 ÷ [1 + (10^(pKa - pH))]

53
Q

% ionization of a weak base

A

% ionization = 100 ÷ [1 + (10^(pH - pKa))]

54
Q

ANC equation

A

ANC = WBC x [(% segs + % bands) ÷ 100]

55
Q

celsius, farenheit conversion

A

C = (F - 32) ÷ 1.8

56
Q

time to burn (TTB) equation

A

TTB (with sunscreen in min) = SPF x TTB (wihtout sunscreen)

57
Q

risk equation

A

number of subjects i ngroup with unfavorable even ÷ total number of subjects in group

58
Q

relative risk equation

A

risk in treatment group ÷ risk in control group

58
Q

relative risk reduction

A

(% risk in control group - % risk in treatment group) ÷ (% risk in the control group)

58
Q

absolute risk reduction

A

% risk in contorl group - % risk in treatment group

59
Q

NNT or NNH

A

1 / ARR

60
Q

odds ratio equation

A

[(patients who were exposed and had event) x (patients not exposed and had no event)] ÷ [(patients exposed and had no event) x (patients not exposed and had event)]

61
Q

pack year smoking hx

A

cigarrets or packs per day ÷ years smoked

62
Q

hazard ratio equation

A

hazareed rate in the treatment group ÷ hazard rate in teh control group

63
Q

initial basal bolus insulin in T1DM calculation

A
  • TDD = 0.5 U /kg/day
  • half to basal and other half to rapid acting (split evenly amongst meals)
64
Q

insulin correction dose

A

(BG - target BG) ÷ correction factor

65
Q

friedewald equation

A

LDL = TC - HDL - (TG ÷ 5)

do NOT use if TG > 400

66
Q

BSA equation

mosteller equation

A

sqrt [ (cm x kg) ÷ 3600]

67
Q

bioavailability equation

A

F = 100 x (AUC extravascular ÷ intravenous) x (dose IV ÷ extravascular)

68
Q

Vd equation

A

amount of drug in body ÷ [ ] of drug in plasma

69
Q

Cl equation

A

Cl = (F x dose) ÷ AUC = ke x Vd

70
Q

drug [ ] prediction equations

A
  • C2 = C1 x e ^ (-kt)
  • ke = [ ln ( C1 ÷ C2)] ÷ t
71
Q

half life equation

A

0.693 ÷ke

72
Q

loading dose equation

A

(desired [ ] x Vd) ÷ F

73
Q

MAP equation

A

2/3 DBP + 1/3 SBP

74
Q

phenytoin correction for albumin < 3.5

A

total phenytoin ÷ [(02 x albumin) + 0.1]

75
Q

KCl PO soln to tablets

A

KCl 10% = 20 mEq/15 ml

76
Q

elemental Ca in calcium carb

A

calcium carb = 40% elemental Ca

77
Q

elemental Ca in calcium citrate

A

calcium citrate = 21% elemental Ca

78
Q

aminophylline, theophylline conversion

A

theophylline → aminophyline: divide by 0.8

79
Q

statin dose equivalence

A
  • pitavastatin 2mg
  • rosuvastatin 5mg
  • atorvastatin 10mg
  • simvastatin 20mg
  • lovastatin 40mg
  • pravastatin 40mg
  • fluvastatin 80mg
80
Q

metoprolol PO IV conversion

A

IV:PO = 1:2.5

81
Q

loop diuretic dose equivalence

A
  • ethacrynic acid 50mg
  • furosemide 40mg
  • torsemide 20mg
  • bumetannide 1mg

all loops have a 1:1 IV PO ratio except furosemide (1:2)

82
Q

insulin dose conversion

A
  • usually 1:1 conversion
  • NPH dosed BID → glargine : glargine dose = 80% of NPH TTD
  • glargine or detemir = 80% of toujeo
83
Q

levothyroxine IV PO conversion

A

IV: PO = 0.75:1

84
Q

steroids dose equivalence

A
  • cortisone 25mg
  • hydrocortisone 20mg
  • prednisone and prednisolone 5mg
  • methylpred 4mg
  • triamcinolone 4mg
  • dexamethasone 0.75mg
  • betamethasone 0.6mg
85
Q

Lithium conversions

A

5 mL Li citrate syrup = 300mg Li carb = 8 mEq Li+ ion

Ultimate Sadness (13 decks)

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