Chapter 9 - 13: Calculations Flashcards
Ratio strength
one unit of solute contained in the total amount of the soln or mixture
specific gravity
the ratio of the density of the substance to the density of water (in g/mL)
water’s specific gravity is 1 (1g = 1 ml), if specific gravity < 1 it is lighter than water
dissociation vs valence
- dissociation: how many ions it breaks up into
- valence: amount of positive charge (Ca2+ counts as 2 for valence, but 1 for dissociation)
calories source in TPN
- carbs
- fat
- protein
forr pharmacy calculations, calories refers to kcals
types of parenteral admixtures
- 2in1: contains the macronutirents dextrose and amino acids (lipids infused separately)
- 3 in 1: contains the macronutrients dextrose, amino acids, and lipids
does paretneral nutrition require a filter
yes, dt risk of precipitate
daily fluid needs calculation
1500 mL + [(2mL)(kg - 20)]
total energy expenditure equaton
baseline energy expenditure x activity factor x stress factor
Stress factors
- minor surgery: 1.2
- infection: 1.4
- major trauma, sepsis, burns < 30% BSA: 1.5
- burns > 30% BSA: 1.5-2
baseline energy expenditure equation
- male: 66.47 + (13.75 x kg) + (5 x cm) - (6.76 x age)
- female: 6551 + (9.6 x kg) + (1.85 x cm) - (4.68 x age)
calories per gram of carbs
4 kcal/gm
calories per gram of fat
9 kcal/gm
calories per gm of protein
4 kcal/gm
calories per gram of dextrose monohydrate
3.4 kcal/gm
calories per gm of glycerol/glycerin
4.3 kcal/gm
calories per mL of injectable lipid emulsion 10%
1.1 kcal/mL
