Introduction Flashcards
The study of living organisms/ things
Biology
The study of living organisms/ things
Biology
The study of animal life
ZOOLOGY
The study of plant life
BOTANY
The study of the relationship of liv8ng things to their environment
Ecology
The study of the formation and development of organisms in their earliest stages of life
Embryology
Study structures of the body
Anatomy
The study of the functions of the body
Physiology
The study of heredity
Genetics
The study of the cell
Cytology
The study of tissues
Histology
The study of bacteria and/or unicellular plant life
Bacteriology
Sex cells reproduce by _____
Meiosis
Somatic cells reproduce by
Mitosis
A type of cell that do not have a nuclear membrane
Prokaryotes
In this type of cell, the nucleus is always present
Eukaryotes
A double layer of lipids that surrounds the cell. It controls what moves into and out of the cell
Cell membrane
Contains the genetic info
Nucleus
A semi fluid liquid that fills the cell and holds the components of a cell
Cytoplasm
The powerhouse of the cell. The site where energy (ATP) is obtained from food consumed
Mitochondria
The site of photosynthesis
Chloroplast
Contain hydolytic enzymes that digestive materials entering the cell
Lysosomes
Does not have ribosome attached and is the transpo system of the cell
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Has ribosome attached and also carries our cell transi, but mainly of necessary protein materials needed
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Fluid-filled sacs which usually contain water, proteins, pigments or metabolic wastes
Vacuoles
Threadlike structures composed mainly of DNA. This is the hereditary info of the cell
Chromosomes
A tiny, grainy structure attached ti the Endoplasmic Reticulum. It serves as the protein factory of the cell
Ribosome
This pressure is necessary for the cell to adjust to its needs and environment.
Turgor Pressure
The process if combing administration acids to produce peptide chains to reconstruct proteins
Protein synthesis
The process if combing administration acids to produce peptide chains to reconstruct proteins
Protein synthesis
The process of cell reproduction following several stages to produce two daughter cells
Cell division
Produces two genetically identical daughter cells from a single parent cell
Mitosis
Four stages of mitosis
Prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase
Produces cells that are genetically unique from a parent
Meiosis
This type of cell division only occurs in plants animals and fungi
Meiosis
A stage in mitosis where in dna replicates itself and forms messenger rna, transfer rna, and ribosomal rna
Interphase
During this stage in mitosis, chromatids shorten and thicken. The nucleoli disappear and the nuclear membrane breaks down and disappears as well. Spindle fiber begins to form
Prophase
During the space in mitosis each chromosome moves to the equator or middle of the spindle. The paired chromosomes attached to the spindle at the centromere
Metaphase
This phase is characterized by the separation of sister chromatids into a single stranded chromosome. The chromosomes migrate to opposite poles of the cells
Anaphase
During this phase, the chromosomes begin to uncoil and the nucleoli as well as the nuclear membrane reappear
Telophase
This type of cell division consist of two successive cell divisions where chromosomes duplicate only once
Meiosis
