introduction Flashcards
how many people are suffering from any psychological disorder
Around 10% of people is suffering from any psychological disorder
A psychological disorder is a…
- Psychological dysfunction along time (concerning behavior, emotion, or cognition)
- unexpected in the individual’s sociocultural context
- and associated with intense and chronic distress or interference or inability (social or job)
- It is not a particular behavior, a single emotion or thought. And it is not a habit or a personality predisposition (if they do not cause human suffering).
why use the concept psychological disorder?
- helps to humanize suffering and strange behaviors and feelings
bad practice of using the concept psychological disorder
- labelling persons not problems
- false positives (overdiagnosis)
Hippocrates of Kos
First descriptions of psychological disorder
Thomas Sydenham
Concept of syndrome (=a set of symptoms)
Philippe Pinel
- Mental alienation concept
- hypothesis about causes of mental insanity: genetics, physical and moral (passions, all kind of excesses
- a more humane intervention: moral therapy
Emil Kraepelin
First systematic classification
The two main classifications used in the world
- DSM-5
- ICD-11
which factors does psychological disorders have?
- biological factors
- social factors
- psychological factors
what is biological factors?
- genetic predisposition
- neuroanatomical alterations
- unbalanced chemical system
what is social factors?
- To be criticized or rejected
- social comparison
what is psychological factors?
- self-esteem
- instability (in general we love ourselves, but with conditions
- no reality acceptance
- emotional dysregulation
how to evaluate?
- psychological factors
- social factors: it is very important to evaluate the person in his or her family, social, economic and cultural context
- biological factors: fortunately, each time there are more and more devices and instruments available for biological evaluation
what kind of methods is there for evaluation?
interview
observation
test