Introduction Flashcards
Which of the following best describes the primary goal of psychotherapy?
A. To diagnose mental disorders
B. To assist individuals in modifying behaviors, cognitions, and emotions
C. To prescribe medications for mental disorders
D. To study the brain’s structure and function
B. To assist individuals in modifying behaviors, cognitions, and emotions
The term “psychotherapy” is derived from Ancient Greek words meaning:
A. Mind and healing
B. Soul and treatment
C. Spirit and medicine
D. Brain and therapy
A. Mind and healing
Which therapy emphasizes the importance of unconscious processes and defense mechanisms?
A. Behavioral Therapy
B. Humanistic Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
In the context of the course, what does “Intervention” specifically refer to?
A. A general approach to treating mental disorders
B. A specific technique used within a type of therapy
C. A broad category of psychological treatments
D. A method of diagnosing mental disorders
B. A specific technique used within a type of therapy
Which of the following treatments involved drilling holes in the skull to release spirits?
A. Trepanning
B. Lobotomy
C. Electroconvulsive Therapy
D. Bloodletting
A. Trepanning
Who is known as the originator of talk therapy?
A. Carl Rogers
B. Jon Kabat-Zinn
C. Sigmund Freud
D. Franz Mesmer
C. Sigmund Freud
Which therapy emphasizes people’s capacity for growth?
A. Behavioral Therapy
B. Humanistic Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
B. Humanistic Therapy
Which therapy approach was developed by Beck?
A. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
B. Humanistic Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
Which of the following is a universal component of therapy?
A. Always involves group sessions
B. Therapist always takes a directive approach
C. Involves talking as a form of communication
D. Follows a strict structure
C. Involves talking as a form of communication
Which therapy was inspired by the work of Franz Mesmer?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Psychoanalytic Therapy
D. Cognitive Therapy
C. Psychoanalytic Therapy
In Ancient Egypt, how were attention difficulties and emotional distress typically treated?
A. With cognitive restructuring
B. With spiritual rituals
C. With bloodletting
D. With dream analysis
B. With spiritual rituals
Which therapy approach uses classical conditioning as a foundational principle?
A. Behavioral Therapy
B. Humanistic Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
A. Behavioral Therapy
Which of the following is NOT a key component of psychotherapy as defined by Norcross (1990)?
A. Clinical methods
B. Interpersonal stances
C. Medication prescription
D. Modification of behaviors and emotions
C. Medication prescription
Who emphasized the concept of self-actualization in therapy?
A. Skinner
B. Maslow
C. Ellis
D. Pavlov
B. Maslow
Which therapy approach aimed to produce change in observable behaviors?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
Which therapy approach emphasizes the importance of thoughts and their impact on emotions and behaviors?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
In which therapy approach is dream analysis a central technique?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
Which therapy type was developed by Rogers?
A. Person-Centred Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
A. Person-Centred Therapy
Which of the following treatments was used in Ancient Greece to treat humoral imbalance?
A. Electroconvulsive Therapy
B. Bloodletting
C. Lobotomy
D. Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
B. Bloodletting
Which therapy approach emphasized that our thoughts, feelings, and behaviors are all interconnected?
A. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
B. Person-Centered Therapy
C. Psychoanalytic Therapy
D. Behavioral Therapy
A. Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Ellis developed which therapy?
A. Cognitive Therapy
B. Person-Centred Therapy
C. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy
D. Acceptance and Commitment Therapy
C. Rational Emotive Behaviour Therapy
Who is credited with bringing mindfulness into Western research in the 1970s?
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Carl Rogers
C. Jon Kabat-Zinn
D. Albert Ellis
C. Jon Kabat-Zinn
Which therapy emphasizes self-actualization?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Cognitive Therapy
C. Behavioral Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
A. Humanistic Therapy
Which component of Freud’s structural model represents our basic instincts and drives?
A. Id
B. Ego
C. Super-ego
D. Defense mechanisms
A. Id
he ego operates on which principle?
A. Pleasure principle
B. Reality principle
C. Morality principle
D. Gratification principle
B. Reality principle
Which defense mechanism involves refusing to accept reality?
A. Repression
B. Projection
C. Denial
D. Displacement
C. Denial
In Freudian theory, the super-ego is primarily responsible for:
A. Urges and desires
B. Reality-based decisions
C. Moral judgments
D. Mediating conflicts
C. Moral judgments
Which stage of Freud’s psychosexual development focuses on toilet training?
A. Oral
B. Anal
C. Phallic
D. Latent
B. Anal
What is a cognitive schema?
A. A therapeutic technique
B. A mental representation or framework
C. A type of cognitive distortion
D. A memory retrieval method
B. A mental representation or framework
Which therapy emphasizes the identification and challenging of distorted thoughts?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
In cognitive therapy, “catastrophizing” is an example of:
A. A cognitive schema
B. A therapeutic technique
C. A cognitive distortion
D. A defense mechanism
C. A cognitive distortion
The core idea behind cognitive therapies is that our thoughts:
A. Are always based on reality
B. Influence our emotions and behaviors
C. Are unchangeable
D. Have no impact on our well-being
B. Influence our emotions and behaviors
Which ancient civilization used spiritual rituals to treat attention difficulties?
A. Ancient Rome
B. Ancient Greece
C. Ancient China
D. Ancient Egypt
D. Ancient Egypt
Bloodletting was a treatment method primarily used in:
A. Ancient Egypt
B. Ancient Greece
C. Ancient Rome
D. Medieval Europe
B. Ancient Greece
Trepanning was a procedure that involved:
A. Bloodletting
B. Drilling holes in the skull
C. Herbal remedies
D. Chanting and rituals
B. Drilling holes in the skull
Which therapy emphasizes the importance of the here and now, rather than past events?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
A. Humanistic Therapy
Operant conditioning was primarily developed by:
A. Carl Rogers
B. Sigmund Freud
C. B. F. Skinner
D. Albert Ellis
C. B. F. Skinner
Which therapy emphasizes the therapeutic relationship and unconditional positive regard?
A. Humanistic Therapy
B. Behavioral Therapy
C. Cognitive Therapy
D. Psychoanalytic Therapy
A. Humanistic Therapy
Mindfulness-based therapies primarily focus on:
A. Changing distorted thoughts
B. Analyzing dreams
C. Being present in the moment
D. Resolving past traumas
C. Being present in the moment
Which of the following IS a key component of psychotherapy as defined by Norcross (1990)?
A. Clinical methods
B. Medication prescription
C. Interpersonal stances
D. Brain imaging techniques
C. Interpersonal stances
