Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

BIO282 > Introduction > Flashcards

Introduction Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 4 biomacromolecules?

A

Carbohydrates, Lipids, nucleic acids and proteins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a bacteriophage?

A

A virus infected bacteria

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are retroviruses?

A

Viruses that insert themselves into the host genome

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a provirus?

A

One that is integrated into the host genome.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Can phage viruses infect plants?

A

No

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a virulent phage?

A

One that produces strictly through the lytic cycle.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is positive-sense?

A

When a virus gets translated without replication.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What do tropoisomerases cause?

A

DNA unwinding and rewinding.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What does a type 1 tropoisomerases do?

A

Cuts one strand of DNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What does a type 2 tropoisomerases do?

A

Cuts both strands of DNA.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is chromatin?

A

DNA packaged with proteins.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are amino-terminal tails of histones sites for?

A

Covalent modification between nucleosomes.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What does DNA supercoiling do? (2)

A

Save space and controls gene expression

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is the difference between heterochromatin and euchromatin?

A

Heterochromatin is condensed and cannot be transcribed whereas euchromatin is less condensed and can be transcribed.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are nucleosomes?

A

Histones combined with protein.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are histones?

A

Proteins used to compact DNA.

17
Q

What are nucleic acids made from? (3)

A

Sugar, base and phosphate.

18
Q

How many rings do purines and pyrimidines have?

A

Purines have 2 rings (A, G), pyrimidines have 1 ring (C, T, U)

19
Q

What is the difference between ‘deoxy’ ribose and ribose sugars?

A

Deoxyribose sugars are missing one OH group.

20
Q

When does a hairpin occur?

A

When nucleotides of the same strand are inverted compliments.

21
Q

What is a temperate phage?

A

A phage that undergoes the lysogenic cycle.

22
Q

What is a prophage?

A

A phage that is integrated.

23
Q

What to virulent phages cause?

A

Plarques that are clear patches of lysed cells on a lawn of bacteria.

24
Q

What is the lysogenic cycle?

A

DNA enters the cell and then gets inserted into bacterial chromosome.

25
Q

What is a temperate phage?

A

A phage that reproduces via the lysogenic cycle.

26
Q

What is the lytic cycle?

A

DNA enters the cell, replicates and produces more phage particles that are released by cell lysis.

BIO282 (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions