Introduction (1,2) Flashcards
What is a definition of natural resources
Natural resources are naturally forming substances that are considered valuable in their relatively unmodified, natural form
What changes it vales
The amount and how extractable it is as well as the stock markets
What determines demand
Demand is determined by its usefulness and the demand for different reserouces changes through time
What are the four major Gold rushes
1) Californian Gold rush
2) Australian Gold rush
3) witwatersrand (South africa)
4) alaskan
Why is the Falklands islands war now significant
The war meant we have access to all the drilling rights, and oil drilling has started here
What is the worlds 2012 population
7,069,000,000
New minerals for future tech (name 3)
Cerium
Erbium
Lanthanum
Samarium
Name the two more recent wars
Iraq (saddam Hussein)
Gaddafi (lybia)
Name some of the environmental damage
Sea empress (wales)
Exxon Valdez
BP deep water horizon
what are the environmental/war issues with diamonds?
These are blood or conflict diamonds that are used to purchase weapons but are also made into western jewlery
BPs profit
5.3 Billion in 2nd quater
Shells profit
5 Billion in 2nd quater
What is a mineral reserve?
Minerals that we know are there but have not yet been extracted, this could be because of economic or political reasons
What is a mineral resource?
these are minerals that are known or not know about that are all of the worlds minerals put together. many of these have not yet been explored
What are the stages in resource exploitation?
resources Exploration Resource evaluation Production, mining Raw materials Products, power Finished products
First ever book published for metal mining?
Georgius Agricola 1556
what are the old metals of antiquity
Antimony Tin Lead Mercury Silver Copper Gold
Industrial rocks and minerals definition
Any earth material of economic importance, excluding metal ores and fuels. An industrial mineral that is used in its mineral form withou extracting the metals
Example of industrial rocks
China clay
Building stones
Barite
Fluorite
Industrial rocks and the locality?
because they are cheap there is no point moving them far so the local geology is relfected in the buildings, walls etc
Where are the hardest rocks in the BI found
Northwest
Where are the softest rocks in the BI found
Southeast
Aberdeen and Cornwalls rock type?
Granite
What is the salisbury rock type
Limestone
What are some UK exceptions to this
Welsh Slate, found all over the UK because of its quality
Portland stone!?
Ooltic limestone from the upper Jurassic, found near dorest. Used for Cardiff! it can be carved with a saw. Doesn’t rust as it is free of iron
Name the two important decorative stones
Larvikite (popular in the UK, polished surfaces)
Limestone (found in mcdonalds)
what is an industrial mineral?
used in bulk as extracted from the ground, there is no need for further processesing
Examples of industrial minerals?
China clay
UK salt
Potash
Info on Glas
First discovered by Egyptians. made from smelting
Quartz
Lime
Sodium Carbonate
Information on gun powed
first found in China Made from Saltpeter Charcoal Sulphur
What are gemstones
These are naturally occurring minerals that can be artificially polished and shaped. Quality is clarity and absence on imperfections
Examples of gemstones
Diamonds
Rubies
Emeradles
What are the energy mineral definition
A natural resource which can be used to generate energy
What are the energy minerals
Coal
Oil
Natural Gas
Uranium
What is sustainable development (with regards to mining)
A pattern of resource use that aims to meet human needs while preserving the environment so that these needs can be met not only in the present but in the future.
What is mini legislation
Virtually all mining codes now include a serious of conditions where the company show environmental awareness and proactvity
