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Immunology > Intro Veterinary Immunology > Flashcards

Intro Veterinary Immunology Flashcards

1
Q

what are the ways of “immunity” available to the body

A
  1. physical barriers and mechanisms
  2. Innate Immunity
  3. Acquire Immunity
  4. Passive Immunity
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2
Q

are the divisions of the innate immune system

A

cellular innate & humoral innate

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3
Q

what are the functions of the cellular innate immune system

A

detect / eat / kill invaders
kill virus infected cells

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4
Q

what is the function of humoral innate immune system

A

bind & kill invaders
coat invaders for ID
block microbial growth and prevent spread
mobilize body defenses

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5
Q

which part of the innate immune system are macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells a part of

A

cellular innate

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6
Q

why are macrophages, neutrophils and NK cells apart of the cellular innate system

A
  • main function of phagocytosis
  • not a soluble factor of the innate immune system
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7
Q

what part of the innate immune system uses molecules

A

humoral innate

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8
Q

what cells are responsible to ID/ kill microbes and have surface receptors to bind to molecules

A

Neutrophils & Macrophages

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9
Q

what are the main cells of the innate immune system responsible for carrying and ID’ing microbes

A

dendritic cells

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10
Q

what is the function of Natural Killer cells

A

kill infected Host cell and Host tumor cells

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11
Q

what are 3 main characteristics of the innate immune system

A
  1. responds quickly
  2. always ready
  3. lacks memory
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12
Q

what is a main response of the body from the activity of the innate immune system

A

inflammation

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13
Q

what would happen to the body if the innate immune system would never activate

A

die from overwhelming infection

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14
Q

what are the main 3 characteristics of the acquired immune system

A
  1. recognize invaders with specificity
  2. destroy microbes
  3. MEMORY
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15
Q

how long does it take for the acquired immune system to generate a response

A

~weeks

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16
Q

because of the differences in time responses, which immunity is most likely to ‘get the ball rolling’ and start an immune response

A

innate immunity

17
Q

what are 2 main functions of the acquired immune system

A
  1. generation of specific lymphocytes
  2. distinguish self from non-self
18
Q

what type of lymphocytes are generated during an acquired immune response

A

specific for molecular recognition of specific foreign invaders

19
Q

what is the driving force of the acquired immune system

A

antigens

20
Q

what become recognized and stimulate the generation of lymphocytes

A

antigens

21
Q

how do lymphocytes respond to antigens in the acquired immune system

A

with specificity

22
Q

what cells are part of the humoral innate system

A

cytokines
complement proteins
enzymes

23
Q

what is the main player (cell) in the acquired humoral immune system

A

B-lymphocytes

24
Q

what is the function of B-lymphocytes

A

antibody

25
Q

in what immune system do the antibodies target invaders that are outside of cells

A

acquired
humoral immunity

26
Q

what immune system would be activated in case of an extracellular bacteria (virus before entering cell)

A

acquired
humoral immunity

27
Q

what cell would be used to activate the immune system in the presence of a virus before it gets into the cell

A

B-lymphocyte

28
Q

what is the main cell used in the acquired cell-mediated immunity

A

T-lymphocytes

29
Q

what is CMI

A

cell-mediated immunity

30
Q

what targets host cells that are infected intracellularly

A

T-lymphocytes

31
Q

what is used to activate the innate immunity

A

common microbial structures

32
Q

what is used to activate the adaptive immunity

A

unique antigens
(highly specific)

33
Q

which immune system has a presence of cells with limited number of preformed (generic) receptors

A

innate

34
Q

what is the purpose of the adaptive/acquired immune system

A

generate B & T lymphocytes to express unique receptors

35
Q

when is innate immunity present

A

always

36
Q

when is acquired immunity activated

A

induced by antigen presence

37
Q

what immunity is acquired from one animal that is naturally or artificially given to another animal

A

passive immunity

Immunology (6 decks)

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