Intro to Virology - Lec 1 (Exam I)

Question 1

A virus has DNA or RNA genome wrapped in what ?

Answer 1

A protein coat

“A virus is a piece of bad news wrapped up in a protein”

Question 2

What are the 2 eradicated viruses ?

Answer 2

smallpox (humans) ; rinderpest (bovine)

Question 3

Is a virus living or non-living ?

Answer 3

Non-living

Note: They do not posses organelles and they rely on the host cell to make energy proteins

Question 4

A virus is considered:

1. Obligate, extracellular
2. Facultative; intracellular
3. Obligate, intracellular
4. All of the above

Answer 4

Obligate, intracellular

Note: bc they require living cells in order to be active

Question 5

The term ________ represents the immature and mature stages of virus development.

Answer 5

Virus

Question 6

The term ________ represents the mature stages of virus development.

Answer 6

Virion (the extracellular infection form)

Question 7

The term viroid is ….

Answer 7

An infectious particle smaller than a virus

Note: It is an agent of plant disease; made of circular RNA molecules w/ NO protein coat or capsid.

Question 8

The first method used to immunize people against small pox ..

Answer 8

Variolation and Innoculation

Question 9

Who invented the smallpox vaccine ?

Answer 9

Edward Jenner

Question 10

Who invented the rabies vaccine using parts of a rabbit brain ?

Answer 10

Louis Pasteur

Question 11

Who discovered foot and mouth disease ?

Answer 11

Frosch and Loffler

Question 12

What filter did Ivanoski used to discover the tobacco mosaic virus

Answer 12

The Chamberlain filter

Note: Beginning of virology

Question 13

Who discovered yellow fever was spread by mosquitoes?

Answer 13

Reed

Question 14

Who discovered oncogenic viruses ?

Answer 14

Rous

Question 15

Who discovered the electron microscope ?

Answer 15

Ruska and Knowel

Question 16

Who discovered the ability to cultivate viruses inside eggs ?

And what was the first virus grown?

Answer 16

Woodroof; Goodpasture and Bernett

Fowlpoxvirus

Question 17

What are the 2 ways viruses can be grown?

Answer 17

1. Egg propagation

2. Tissue culture

Question 18

What does SARS stand for ?

Answer 18

Severe acute respiratory syndrome

Question 19

Which of the following diseases are NOT considered amongst the viruses that causes some of the deadliest diseases in humans ?

A. Ebola, Influenza, SARS
B. HIV/AIDS, Small Pox, Rabies
C. FIP, Blue Tongue, Rinderpest

Answer 19

C. FIP, Blue Tongue, Rinderpest

Note: These diseases are deadliest in animals and birds

Question 20

In 1890s, a virus killed more than 5.2 million cattle south of the Zambezi river, Africa. Leading to starvation resulting in the death of an estimated third of the human population of Ethiopia and two-thirds of the Maasaipeople of Tanzania. Which virus was this ?

A. African Horse Sickness virus
B. African Cattle Fever virus
C. Rinderpest virus
D. Newscastle Disease virus

Answer 20

C. Rinderpest virus

Question 21

The impact of viruses can cause a tremendous loss from the economic point of view.

True or False?

Answer 21

True

Note: Ebola
West Africa
$32.6 bn
Estimated by 2015

Question 22

Viruses can also be zoonotic pathogens

True or False?

Answer 22

True

Question 23

Viruses possess cellular organelles ?

True or False

Answer 23

False

Note: They DO NOT have cellular organelles

Question 24

Which of the following statements is false ?

A. Viruses cannot make energy by themselves and have to rely on a host cell.
B. Viruses can make proteins by themselves and do not have to rely on a host cell.
C. All Viruses are obligate intracellular parasites.
D. Viruses do not have the genetic capability to multiply by division.

Answer 24

B. Viruses can make proteins by themselves and do not have to rely on a host cell.

Note: Viruses need living cells to grow; they cannot generate energy or proteins by themselves

Question 25

_____ is the term used to describe viruses transmitted via arthropods

Answer 25

Arbovirus

Question 26

Who performed the first animal plaque assay for poliovirus ?

Answer 26

Dulbecco and Vogt

Question 27

What is the agency that reports viruses ?

Answer 27

ICTV - International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses