Intro To Transfusion Science

Question 1

What is a chromosome?

Answer 1

In the cell nucleus - carries genes - human nucleated cells - 23 pairs (22 autosomal & 1 sex)

Question 2

What is a gene?

Answer 2

Basic unit of inheritance - encodes a protein

Question 3

What is a locus?

Answer 3

Specific site on chromosome where gene is located

Question 4

What are alleles?

Answer 4

Alternate genes that occupy the same genetic locus

Question 5

What is homozygous?

Answer 5

Identical alleles at a given locus

Question 6

What is heterozygous?

Answer 6

Different alleles at the same locus

Question 7

What is genotype?

Answer 7

Genetic make up of allele

Question 8

What is phenotype?

Answer 8

The observed result of genotype

Question 9

What are dominant alleles?

Answer 9

Alleles that are expressed in phenotype

Question 10

What are recessive alleles?

Answer 10

Alleles that aren’t expressed in phenotype

Question 11

What is an antigen?

Answer 11

Foreign substance that when enters the body stimulates immune response when not recognised by the body (triggers production of antibodies react specifically with that antigen)