Intro to the world of wine Flashcards
Where did the first alcoholic beverage that incorporated fermented grapes appear?
Jiahu, China back in 7500 BCE
Where did wine first appear?
In the Caucasus Mountains in western Asia
How did grapevines get established in France?
The Greeks passed on wine to the Romans who brought viticulture to their empire, including France.
When was phylloxera inadvertently brough to Europe and began killing grapevines? What was the silver lining of this catastrophe?
In the 1860s; However, this forced the French and other European winemakers to travel to other countries where they dispersed their winemaking experience and improved the quality of wine worldwide.
When did Prohibition start and end?
Prohibition lasted from 1920-1933
What year did California wines take first place in a major head to head competition against top French wines?
1976
Who is the top country in vineyard acreage?
Spain
Who is the top country in wine production?
Italy
Who is the top country in wine consumption?
France
Who is the top country in wine exports?
Italy
Who is the top country in wine imports?
Germany
How many acres do vineyards cover worldwide?
19.2 million
What is the annual global volume of wine?
Just over 3 billion cases of wine
What is the annual global consumption of wine?
Just about 2 billion cases
What countries are associated with the “Old World”?
Southern and central Europe, along with westernmost Asia and the north coast of Africa
What countries are associated with the “New World”?
US, Australia, New Zealand, Chile, Argentina, and South Africa
Of the roughly 20 million acres (8 million hectares) of vineyards, how many are located in Europe?
Well over half
In the New World, what is the top wine nation overall, growing more grapes and producing, consuming, and importing more wine than any other New World country?
The United States
Out of the three levels of wine within the EU, what is the most rigorous?
Protected designation of origin (PDO): this category was previously known as “quality wine produced in a specified region” (QWPSR) or, in its French language equivalent, “vin de qualite produit dans une region determinee” (VQPRD)
Out of the three levels of wine within the EU, what is the second most rigorous?
Protected geographical indication (PGI): formerly “table wine within a geographical indication”.
Out of the three levels of wine within the EU, what is the least rigorous?
Wine: formally known as “table wine” (without a geographical indication).
What is the PDO category for Austria?
Districtus Austriae Controllatus (DAC); Pradikatswein; Kabinett; Qualitatswein
What is the PDO category for the Czech Republic?
Jakostni Vino s Privlastkem; Jakostni Vino; Vino Originalni Certifikace (VOC);
What is the PDO category in Germany?
Pradikatswein; Qualitatswein bestimmter Anbauebiete (QbA)
What is the PDO category for Greece?
Onomasia Proelefseos Eleghomeni (OPE), Onomasia Proelefseos Anoteras Piotitos (OPAP)
What is the PDO category for Hungary?
Minosegi Bor
What is the PDO category for Italy?
Denominazione di Origine Controllata e Garantita (DOCG), Denominazione di Origine Controllata (DOC)
What is the PDO category for Luxembourg?
Appellation d’Origine Controlee (AOC)
What is the PDO category for Portugal?
Denominacao de Origem Controlada (DOC), Indicacao de Proveniencia Regulamentada (IPR)
What is the PDO category for Romania?
Vin de Calitate Superiorara cu Denumire de Origine Controlata si Trepte de Calitate (DOCC), Vin de Calitate Superiorara cu Denumire de Orgine Controlata (DOC)
What is the PDO category for Slovakia?
Akostne Vino s Privlastkom; Akostne Vino
What is the PDO category for Slovenia?
Vrhunsko Vino Zasciteno Geografsko Poreklo; Kakovostno Vino Zasciteno Geografsko Poreklo
What is the PDO category for Spain?
Denominacion de Origen Calificada (DOCa), Denominacion de Origen (DO), Vino de Pago, Vino de Calidad con Indicacion Geografica (VCIG)
What is the PDO category for France?
Appellation d’Origine Controlee (AOC), Vin Delimite de Qualite Supereure (VDQS)
According to EU laws, if a protected place name is stated, how much of the wine must be from that region?
100%
According to EU laws, if a vintage date is stated, how much of the wine must be from that year?
85%
According to EU laws, if a single grape variety is listed, how much of the wine must be from that variety?
85%
According to EU laws, if two or three grapes are states, how much of the wine must be from these varieties and how are they to be listed?
100% and they must be listed in descending order
