California Review Flashcards
who planted the first vines in california and when did it take place
franciscan missionaries planted the first vine in california at the end of the 18th century
what mid 19th century event propelled the growth of the california wine industry
the cold rush of 1849 and subsequent relocation to california by many immigrant families
who is considered to be the father of the california viticulture
agoston haraszthy
when did an outbreak of phylloxera first kill many of california vineyards
in the 1870s
when was the second large outbreak of phylloxera in california
in the 1980s
when did prohibition go into effect and when was it replaced
prohibition went into effect on january 16 1920 and was repealed by the states ratification of the 21s amendment on december 5 1933
in the context of american prohibition of the 19th century explain the concept of a tied house
a tied house refers to a beverage alcohol outlet typically a saloon that was tied to one brewery and obliged to sell just the products of that manufacturer. prior to prohibition the led to marketing practices like the free lunch which led to intemperance. with the repeal of prohibition tied house legislation was passed preventing vertical integration of ownership in the beverage alcohol business. thus the three tiered system of distribution was born
how did some wineries stay in business during prohibition
some wineries stayed in business by making sacramental wine and growing grapes for home winemaking
what largely contributed to the rapid expansion of the wine industry during the 1970s
the rapid expansion of the californian fine wine scene occurred as the post world war 2 baby boom generation reached maturity and affluence while their tates shifted away from the cocktails and sweet wines of their parents generation
what was the impact of the judgement of paris tasting in 1976
the judgement of paris tasting paired california cabernets and chardonnays with top growth bordeaux and burgundy wines. the California wines won catapulting California wines onto the world sage by illustrating that exceptional wines could come from somewhere other than traditionally sacrosanct french terroir
what organization was the stimulus for the neo prohibitionist movement of the 1980
MADD
mothers against drunk driving
what is the french paradox
the french paradox was the theme of a 1991 60 minutes bradcast that investigated the puzzle of why french people who ate fattier food than americans and exercised less, had lower rates of coronary disease. two doctors interviewed on the show concluded that moderate consumption of alcohol protects against coronary heart desease
what wine industry trend was prevalent during the decade that followed the airing of the french paradox broadcast
more people began to drink wine particularly red wine and there was also a trend of drinking less but drinking better
what is the distinction between an american appellation and an american viticultural area
an american appellation is a politically defined growing area such as a state or county.
american viticultural area is a geographically defined growing area. viticultural areas are to appellations like grapes are to fruit. viticultural are one king of appellation but not all appellations are viticultural areas
what us governmental agency rules over all beverage alcohol regulations?
the tax and trade bureau ttb of the us department of the treasury regulates the beverage alcohol industry
how is the american system of avas and appellations different from its european union counterpart system
the european system of appellations regulates many things, such as the permitted grape varieties, yields alcohol level and viticultural and nonfiction practices.
such regulations do not exist in the US. an Ava or appellation simply tells the consumer where the grapes used to make the wine are from
to us an american appellation on a wine label what percent of the grapes must come from that area
to use an american appellation on a wine label 75% of the grapes must come from the stated appellation
to use an ava on a wine what percent of the grapes must come from that area?
to use an ava on a wine label 85% of the grapes most come from the stated ava
how do the label laws concerning avas and appellation differ in the state of oregon?
oregon wine must contain 90% of the stated variety except for cabernet sauvignon (75%) because it is traditionally blended with merlot and cabernet franc. oregon also prohibits all european place names i.e. labels cant read chablis….
with respect to the vintage on an american wine label what percent of the grapes must come from the stated vintage if the label states an appellation? an ava?
if an american wine label carries an appellation then 85% of the grapes must be from the stated vintage but if the label lists an ava then 95% of the grapes must be from the stated vintage
when used on a label of america wine what does the term estate bottled mean
an american wine can be labeled as estate botteled if the winery is located in the stated viticultural area, grew all the grapes on land owned or controlled within the ava, and if the wine was completed made and bottled at the winery
what is a meritage wine?
a meritage wine is a wine made in the classic bordeaux style. it uses the classic bordeaux varieties and is one of the two most expensive wines produced by a winery
what grape varieties are permitted for a red meritage wine
a red meriage wine made be made from two or more of the following varieties with no one grape accounting for more tha n 90% cabernet Merlot cab franc malvec petit verdit st macaire gros verdot carmenere
what grape varieties are permitted for a white meritage wine
sb
semillion
muscadelle
the north coast ava is comprised of what california counties?
the north coast ava encompasses napa sonoma mendocino lake solano marin
what are the three dominant counties of the central coast?
the three dominant counties of the central coast are central coast monterey san luis obispo santa barbara
who is credited with planting the first vines in napa valley
george yount is credited with planting the first vines in teh napa valley in 1938
what mountains separate napa from sonoma counties?
the mayacamas mountains separate napa from sonoma
why does the boundary of the howell mountain ava follow the 1400 foot contour line
the demarcation of the howell mountain ava above 1400 foot contour line was chosen because it is the height limit of the fog that blankets the valley below
explain the source of the name for the diamond mountain district ava
diamond mountain name comes from its soil that consists of volcanic glass crystals that appear like diamonds
how are the vineyards atop mount veeder affected by hte inversion layer
the vineyards atop mount veeder are above the inversion layer so they have warmer nights than the vineyards on the valley floor that are typically blanketed by fog
what town serves as the agricultural business and banking center for the wine industry in napa valley
st helena serves as the agricultural business and banking center for the wine industry of napa valley
how did andre thelistcheff become a wine industry icon?
andre tchelistcheff became an industry icon by leading Rutherford and Napa valleys wine industry through its period of reconstruction 1938-1965 an era of rebirth 1965-1980 and ultimately the age of its refinement 1990s
the oakville ava is credited with producing top notch wines primarily from what varietal
the oakville ava is credited with producing top notch wines primarily from the cab
what famous vineyard is in the heart of oakville
the to kalon vineyard
what distinguishes the oak knoll district from other napa valley acas?
oak knolls cooler climate is what distingueishes it from other napa valley acas. it is one of the rare places in the napa valley that is warm enough to ripen cabernet and merlot without being too warm for chardonnay and PN
when were the first grape vines planted at the mission san franvisco solano in Sonoma
the first grape vines were planted at the mission san francisco solano in sonoma in 1824
approximately how many acres of vines are planted in napa and Sonoma counties and how does that compare to the central valley
three are approximately 45,000 acres of vine planted in napa and 60,000 in sonoma. the total of 105 acres is about half the size of vineyard planted in the central valley
what grape variety is the dry creek valley known for
zinfandel
which Sonoma county ava is considered the warmest
knights valley
what two varieties one red and one white is the russian river renowned for?
PN and Chard
what is an alternate name for Sonoma valley
the valley of the moon
describe the Mendocino ridge ava
composed of many non contiguous mountain peaks above the 1200 foot elevation line with is above fog level
what are the primary grape varieties of anderson valley
the planted acreage in the anderson valley consists primarily of PN Chard Gewürztraminer Riesling
what are the avas of lake county
clear lake
red hills lake
cuenoc valley
high valley
what east to west valley spans both contra costa and alameda counties
livermore valley
what are the avas of Monterey county
Monterey arroyo seco hames valley san Bernabe san lucas santa lucia highlands carmel valley chalone san antonio valley also part of the central coast ava
what river courses its way through monterey wine county
Salinas river
which monterey ava is located high up in the Gavilan mountains
chalone
Paso Robles is located in which central coast county
san luis obispo county
what are the current avas of santa barbara county
Santa Maria
Santa Ynez
Santa Rita hills
what grape varieties is the santa maria valley noted for growing
Chard
PN
Syrah
what originally brought wine making to the sierra foothills
the Gold Rush of 1849
what is the dominate grape of the sierra foothills
Zin
what ava in the sacramento and san Joaquin river delta has been a major wine growing region since the 1850s
Lodi
Mcdoweell valley ava is in what country
Mendocino
Guenoc Valley ava is in what country
Lake County
Sta Rita Hills ava is in what country
Santa Barbara
Alexander Valley ava is in what country
Sonoma Country
anderson valley ava is in what country
Mendocino Country
st helena ava is in what country
napa
russian river ava is in what country
Sonoma
Santa Maria ava is in what country
Santa Barbara
Arroyo Seco ava is in what country
Monterey
Rutherford ava is in what country
Napa
Knights Valley ava is in what country
Sonoma
Mcdowell Valley ava is in what country
Mendocino
Clear Lake ava is in what country
Lake
Mt Veeder ava is in what country
napa
Dry Creek ava is in what country
Sonoma
Santa Lucia Highlands ava is in what country
monterey
Stages leap ava is in what country
Napa
