Intro To The Gut

Question 1

List the order of the GI system

Answer 1

• mouth
• oesophagus
• stomach
• small intestine: duodenum > jejunum > ileum
• large intestine
• anus

Question 2

What is chyme?

Answer 2

Acidic fluid that passes out of the stomach that consists of gastric secretions and partially digested food

Question 3

List the broad functions of the mouth

Answer 3

• physical breakdown of food
• initial digestive enzymes e.g. amylase + lysozymes
• infection control

Question 4

What is the broad function of the oesophagus?

Answer 4

rapid peristalsis of food to stomach through thorax

Question 5

List the broad functions of the stomach

Answer 5

• storage
• to produce chyme >physical + chemical breakdown
• infection control >HCl
• secrete intrinsic factor for B12 absorption

Question 6

List the broad function of the duodenum

Answer 6

• neutralisation/osmotic stabilisation of chyme
• liver + pancreas connect to duodenum > release of bile + pancreatic secretions

Question 7

What is the broad function of the jejunum?

Answer 7

• nutrient absorption > many folds to increase SA

Question 8

List the broad functions of the ileum

Answer 8

• water/electrolyte absorption
• bile recirculation
• B12 absorption at the terminal ileum

Question 9

List the broad functions of the large intestines

Answer 9

• final water absorption
• temporary storage
• final electrolyte absorption > bile salts + production of some short chain fatty acids

Question 10

Does the large or small intestine reabsorb more water?

Answer 10

Small intestines reabsorbs more water