Intro To The Autonomic Nervous System Flashcards
What happens in fight or flight?
Cardiac output increase
Blood diverted to skeletal muscle
Body temp increases so sweating increases
Peripheral vasodilation to allow heat loss
Metabolism of fuel stress to provide glucose
What does the parasympathetic system include?
Salivary gland
GI tract
Heart
Acid cells
What is a ganglion?
Area between neurones where acetylcholine is released
What does the sympathetic system include?
Arteries (heart)
Sweat gland
Adrenal gland
What is the length of the preganglionic fibre in the parasympathetic system?
Long
What is the length of the preganglionic fibre in the sympathetic system?
Short
What does acetylcholine stimulate the post ganglionic neurone to release?
Noradrenaline (normally) More acetylcholine (sweat glands only)
What parasympathetic nerves cell body is in the pupil?
Cranial nerve 3 (oculomotor)
What parasympathetic nerves cell body is in the submaxillary, sublingual and lacrimal glands?
Cranial nerve 7 (facial)
What parasympathetic nerves cell body is in the parotid glands?
Cranial nerve 9 (glossopharyngeal)
What parasympathetic nerves cell body is in the heart, kidneys, bronchi and GI tract to colon?
Cranial nerve X (vagus)
What parasympathetic nerves cell body is in the remainder of GI tract, bladder and genetalia
Sacral nerves
What sympathetic nerves cell body is in the pupil, facial glands, head circulation?
Superior cervical paravertebral ganglia
What sympathetic nerves cell body is in the heart and lungs?
Middle and inferior paravertebral ganglia
What sympathetic nerves cell body is in the sweat glands, pilomotor (hair) muscles, blood vessels of skeletal muscle and skin?
Remaining paravertebral ganglia
What parasympathetic nerves cell body is in the GI tract?
Prevertebral ganglia
What are the sympathetic single input tissues?
Blood vessels and sweat glands
What are the parasympathetic single input tissues?
Bronchial smooth muscle and ciliary muscle of the eye
What molecule causes dilation when they go into the salivary glands or bronchial smooth muscle through the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic transmitters?
Vasoactive intestinal peptide
What molecule causes vasoconstriction when they go into the post ganglionic sympathetic neurone through the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic transmitters?
ATP/ Neuropeptide Y
What molecule causes erection when they go into the parasympathetic pelvic nerves through the non-adrenergic non-cholinergic transmitters?
Nitric oxide
