Intro to Resp Med Weeks 1-13 Flashcards
Deontological
Based on Duty. An act isn’t right or wrong based on it’s character but on it’s consequences.
4 Things needed to be ethical
1. Universal
2. Self
3. Means
4. Long Term
Teleological (Utilitarianism)
Looking for the best outcome. (Sacrifice 1 to save many)
5 Bacteria Shapes
- Cocci (Circular)
- Bacilli (Rod Shaped)
- Strep (Chain)
- Staph (Cluster)
- Diplo (Pair or 2)
Bacterial Growth Stages (4)
- Lag Phase (Slow Growth)
- Log Phase (Rapid Growth)
- Stationary Phase (Nutrient Depleted, waste product accumulates, grow rate slows)
- Death Phase (Starts to die off)
What is the Difference between Clean, Disinfect and Steril
Clean= Only removed dirt matter
Disinfect= 3 levels.
1. Low- Removed bacteria, viruses
2. Intermediate- Removed bacteria, viruses, fungi & TB
3. High- Inactivates all microorganisms w/o spores
Steril= Complete destruction of microorganisms including spores
Droplet precautions
Private room, if possible, Surgical Mask, Hand Hygiene, Remove Mask in Room, limit transport
Airborne Precautions
Negative Pressure Room, N95, Hand Hygiene, Remove PPE outside of Room, Limit Transport
Infection prevention
- Decrease host susceptibility
- Immunizations & Chemoprophylaxis
- Limit use of device associated with HAI
- Prevention Bundles
- Eliminate Source of pathogen
Electronic MR vs. Paper Benefits
Improves storage & retrieval of Pt. info
10 Barriers to Health Literacy
- Affordability
- Appropriateness
- Availability
- Adoptability
- Acceptability
- Awareness
- Attitude
- Approachability
- Alternative Practice
- Additional Service
Health Literacy
The ability to find, understand and use health related info to make health related decisions for themselves and others
Healthcare Competence; the vulnerable (8)
- Poor
- Racial & Ethical Minorities
- Un or Under Insured
- Older/Younger
- Homeless
- Substance Abuse
- Low Education
- Mental Illness
Conflict Sourced & How to Resolve
Source= Poor Communication, Structural Issues with Leadership, Personal Behaviors, Role Conflict
Resolution=
Competing (Poor Choice)
Accommodating (Poor Choice)
Avoiding (Poor Choice)
Collaborating (Good Choice)
Compromising (Good Choice)
How to Improve Communication
- Listen & Observe entire message
- Understand Med Term
- Understand Culture norms
- Little Room for error w/ meds
- (Sender) Share info don’t tell it
- (Sender) Seek to Relate
- (Receiver) Practice Silence
- (Receiver) Resist Distractions
- (Receiver) Hear before evaluating
- (Receiver) Control Emotions
Communication Zones (4)
- Intimate= 0-1.5 ft (Physical Exams
- Personal= 1.5-4 ft (Gathering Info)
- Social= 4-12 ft (Initial Greetings, doorway)
- Public= 12-25 ft (Not personal, hallways)
What effects good communication (6 topics)
- Environmental
- Emotion/Sensory
- Verbal expression
- Non-Verbal Expression
- Internal or Interpersonal (Previous experiences)
- Physical Appearance and Status
5 Elements of Communication
- Sender
- Message (Encoding)
- Channel or Route (Decoding)
- Receiver
- Feedback
Conditions: Emphysema
(Identify: Percussion, Fremitus, Breath Sounds, Adventitious)
Percussion= Hyper resonant
Fremitus= Decreased
Breath Sounds= Decreased or Absent
Adventitious= None
Conditions: Pneumothorax
(Identify: Percussion, Fremitus, Breath Sounds, Adventitious)
Percussion= Hyperresonant
Fremitus= Decreased
Breath Sounds= Decreased or Absent
Adventitious= None
Conditions: Atelectasis
(Identify: Percussion, Fremitus, Breath Sounds, Adventitious)
Percussion= Dull
Fremitus= Decreased
Breath Sounds= Decreased or Bronchial
Adventitious= None or Crackles
Bronchial breath Sounds
(Identify: The Cause, Percussion, Fremitus, Adventitious)
Cause= Consolidation, Atelectasis
Percussion= Dull
Fremitus= Consolidation (Increased) Atelectasis (Decreased)
Adventitious= Consolidation (Crackles, Rhonchi, Ego-Phony)
Atelectasis (None or Crackles)
Condition: Consolidation
(Identify: Percussion, Fremitus, Breath Sounds, Adventitious)
Percussion= Dull
Fremitus= Increased
Breath Sounds= Bronchial
Adventitious= Crackles, Rhonchi, Egophony
Condition: Bronchitis
(Identify: Percussion, Fremitus, Breath Sounds, Adventitious)
Percussion= Resonant
Fremitus= Normal or Decreased
Breath Sounds= Prolonged on Exhale
Adventitious= Wheezes, Crackles, Rhonchi
Crackles (Rales)
Sound like?
Heard When?
Conditions?
Sound Like= Fine or Medium Wet sounds
Where= On Inspiration
Conditions= Consolidation, Bronchitis, Atelectasis