112 Exam 1 Flashcards
2 learning domains and what they mean
Traditional= Instructor controlled, lectures, exams
Problem Based (PBL)= Critical Thinking, Student centered, group projects
Indications a Pt may have low health literacy
Non Compliance
Too busy, too tired statements
lost the reading info
nervous, anxious, confused
topic avoidance
incomplete paperwork
Teach Adults vs. Teaching Childrens
Adults: Internally motivated
Children: externally motivated
Adults: Self directed
Children: Directed by others
Adults: Questions teacher
Children: Trusts teacher
Adults: Learns for the present
Children: Learn for the future
Adults: Slow learner
Children: Quick learner
Adults: Problem Oriented
Children: Subject oriented
Adult: Many experiences
Children: Limited experiences
The goal of Health Education
Behavior Change
Help individuals make good decision and take responsibility for their health
3 levels of disease prevention
- Prevention (immunizations)
- Early Protection (mammograms)
- Tertiary Prevention to minimize acceleration of disease (Pulmonary Rehab)
7 essential skills for critical thinking
- Prioritize
2 Anticipate - Troubleshoot
- Communicate
- Negotiate
- Decision making
- Reflection
7 Abilities and characteristics of critical thinkers
- Inquisitive
- alert
- well informed
- open-minded
- honest
- flexible
- reasoned
Humidity vs. Aerosol
Humidity= water in gas phase
Aerosol= particles suspended in a gas
7 indications for bland aerosol
- upper airway edema
- Subglottic edema
- post extubating edema
- post operative management of upper airway
- bypassed upper airway
- croup
- need for sputum speciman
2 contraindications for bland aerosol
- Bronchospasms
- History of airway hyperresponsivness
6 Hazards and complications of bland aerosol
- Wheezing or bronchospasms
- bronchoconstriction with artificial airway
- infection
- overhydration
- pt. discomfort
- caregiver exposure to airborne contagions
8 Assessments for determining the need of bland aerosol
- Stridor
- Croup like cough
- Diagnosis of LTB or Croup
- Hoarseness after extubating
- History of upper airway irritation and increased WOB
- Pt discomfort with airway instrument
- Need for sputum induction
- Bypassed upper airway
7 Assessments of the outcome with bland aerosol
- Decreased WOB
- Decreased Stridor
- Decreased Dyspnea
- Improved Vital Signs
- Improved ABGs
- Improved O2 Sats
- Production of Sputum
Where are the:
1. Oropharynx
2. Nasopharynx
3. Laryngopharynx
- Oropharynx= between soft palate and base of tongue
- Nasopharynx= Between soft palate and posterior portion of nasal cavity
- Laryngopharynx= between base of tongue and entrance to esophogus
How to open an airway (2 techniques)
- head tilt, chin lift
- Jaw thrust- when spinal or neck injuries suspected
When to use an Oral Airway
- unconscious pt
- used after successful BLS methods
4 Contraindications for oral airways
- Conscious pt
- trauma to oral cavity
- trauma to jaw
- lesions or foreign body obstruction
When to use a Nasal airway
- When oropharyngeal airway is not possible
- Semi or conscious pt
3 Contraindications of nasal airway
- Trauma to nasal passage
- space occupying lesions
- foreign body in nasal passage
When is an LMA used
During intubation in place of an ET tube
2 limitations of an LMA
- only provides airtight seal when airway pressure is less than 20 mmhg
- excessive volume in the cuff may cause laryngeal damage
4 Complications of using an LMA
- Vomiting or aspiration
- gastric distension
- air leak around mask
- stimulation of pharyngeal and laryngeal reflexes
3 Contraindications of LMA
- High Risk of aspiration
- High airway pressure required to achieve adequate ventilation
- Disease affecting mouth, pharynx and larynx
5 reasons to use BVM or MRBs
- Before and after suctioning
- during pt transport
- during ventilator circuit change or malfunction
- during special procedures
- CPR
