Intro To Psych II Flashcards
Delusions
Fixed false beliefs
Anhedonia
Lack of enjoyment
Symptoms of depressions AAASSS
anergia(low mood)
Anhedonaia(loss of enjoyment)
Appetite loss
Sleep poor
Self esteem low
Suicidal
Depression treatments
Antidepressant
CBT
Social prescribing
Extracampine hallucinations
Hallucination arising outside the normal field of perception e.g. thinking you hear someone talking 1 mile away
Mania symptoms PROPEL IGO
Poor concentration
Rapid speech
Over-energised
Poor judgement
Elated mood
Little need for sleep/insomnia
Irritability
Grandiose (delusions)
Over-spending
Schizophrenia symptoms DADDHAS
Delusion
Abnormal behaviour
Disorganised speech
Disturbances of emotions
Hallucination
Apathy
Social withdrawal
Treatment of schizophrenia
Antipsychotic medications - Risperidone, Olanzapine, flupenthixol depot
Anxiety classification
- Generalised anxiety disorder- long term anxiety that you feel all the time- may wax and wane but stable anxiety
- Panic disorder- short bursts of panic attacks- can occur alongside generalised anxiety disorder
- Agoraphobia- fear of the marketplace and going out- hard to treat
- Simple phobia- common e.g. fear of snakes, spiders
- Social phobia- related to perception of scrutiny e.g. stage fright
Treatment of anxiety
- Social prescribing is done and is effective at managing it
- iAPT is the largest open access talking therapies programme in the world despite being heavily over subscribed
- No Health Without Mental Health (2011)
- Cognitive behaviour therapy (CBT) to manage symptoms
- Clomipramine prescribed for OCD and is effective
Cause of anxiety
Adrenaline release in positive feedback loop
What is the difference between trait and state anxiety?
- State anxiety- the state of being anxious, feeling unsafe, trapped, no control at times
- Transitory emotional state consisting of feelings of apprehension, nervousness, and physiological sequelae such as an increased heart rate or respiration
- Trait anxiety- adaptive modulations of automatic threat response i.e. how much it takes different people to become stressed e.g. some stress about exams from start of year whereas some only do right before exams like a week before. Comes about from environment (e.g. experiences of threat, insecurity) and genetic factors (e.g. polymorphisms of serotonergic and noradrenergic function)
- A lot of it is to do with attachment in early relationships one has where one learns as a child how to manage anxiety by getting it managed by others like parents (who soothe you as a baby for example) and then you learn how to balance anxiety with self-soothing
Rumination’s
Automatic negative thoughts about possible threats, bad things happening etc.
Anxiety disorder
A self-perpetuating network of positive feedback loops, arising from normally adaptive responses
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Physical anxiety symptoms PPTSSSDD
Palpitations
Paraesthesia (pins and needles)
Tremor
Splanchnic vasoconstriction (butterflies)
Sweating
Syncope (fainting/passing out)
Dry mouth
Depersonalisation
