Intro to Pharmacology (Chapter 23) Flashcards
Drug Names (three)
Chemical Name
Generic name
Brand Name
Chemical Name: The atomic or molecular structure of the drug, which is usually too complex for general use.
Generic name: The official name assigned by the United States Adopted Names (USAN) Council. Generic names are used by government officials, doctors, and researchers to refer to the drug itself.
Brand Name: Used by doctors and perscribers, the big store names
Drug Classification (three)
Usage
Body System
Chemical and Pharmalogical Class
drugs can be in multiple classes bc of multiple uses behind the drug
Medication Chain of Command
FDA (federal)
|
State Board
|
Facility Policy and Procedure
Controlled Substance Schedule 1
high risk for abuse and overdose
no medical benefit
herioin, extcasy, LSD
Controlled Substance Schedule 2
Acceptable Medical use, high potential for abuse
aderall, ridilin
Controlled Substance Schedule 3
Acceptable for medical use, may cause low dependency
ketamine, tylenol with codeine
Controlled Substance Schedule 4
Acceptable for medical use, may cause mild dependency
xanax, ativan
Controlled Substance Schedule 5
Acceptable for medical use, limited dependency to none
robitussin
What is a stock supply?
med administration
Bulk quantitiy at med cart, cental location, not specific to one client…
big bottle of tylenol for everyone in the facility
What is a Unit Dose?
med administration
individually dosed for client (blister packs) pharmacy gives 24hr supply for specific client, stored in a locked cart
what is an Automated Dispenser?
med adminsitration
locked cart with needed password, computerized tracking, combo of stock and unit dose
Self Administered Medication
med administration
medication the client can have at their bedside
Pharmacokynetics
definiti0n
what happens to the drug in the body (ADME)
Pharmacodynamics
definiti0n
how does the drug effect the body? (mechanism of action)
Local Effects
definition
drugs administered for the site of application (topical)
Systemic Effects
definition
how har they administered? where does the medication go after?
Drugs administered throuhg IV that have to enter and be absorbed through the blood stream
Pharmacokynetics (ADME breakdown)
Absorbtion
Distribution
Metabolism
Excretion
Absorbtion: Administration, then movement of the durg through the blood stream
Distribution how the drug spreads through the body
Metabolism : processing of the drug by the body (liver biotransformation)
Excretion: elimination of the drug.. kidney, GI, lIver, lungs
Pharmacodynamics (primary/secondary effects)
Primary effects: the desired, intended, therapudic use, and predicted outcome of using the medication (For GOOD)
Secondary effects: unintended and **non therapudeic **, effects, side effects, toxic reactions, allergic reactions
Drug Abuse Tolerance
Definition
a decrease in resonse due to hig hlevels of use
caffiene
Drug Abuse Dependency
Definition
a persons relaince or need for a drug
Drug Abuse Misuse
Definition
improper use of
alcohol, weed, opiates
Drug Abuse Abuse
innapropriate intake of drugs
alcohol at work bc its “needed”
Drug Abuse Illicit drugs
Definition
illicit means illegal
hydrocodone obtained on their own bc the persription ran out
Drug on Drug interactions
one drug alters or modifies the action of another drug
Drug Antagonist
interaction
the antagonist is a person who strongly opposes or is hostile to someone or something
one drug interferes with the the drug, decreases the result of the drug
Drug Synergistic
interaction
an additive effect, both drugs together (a greater effect)
Drug Incompatabilities
interactions
2 or more drugs mixed and cause for detereiration
Idiosyncratic
definition
an uncommon or unexpected effect
Standard Written perscription
Types of perscriptions
without a renewal date; taken/administered until finished
Automatic stop dates
Types of perscriptions
use for narcotics; a new perscription is needed after bottle is fnished
STAT perscription
Types of perscriptions
a single does given immediately, within 30 minitues, only once
Single Perscription
Types of perscriptions
one single dose given @ specific time
Standing perscriptions
Types of perscriptions
perscriptions that hte nurses have to routinely give to patients
Complete percription written out
Dose, route, frequency of administration (time)
Error Preventing Technology
Computerized Provider Order entry
Smart Pumps
Barcode Scanner
Automated Dispensing Cabnets
When to asses patient for medication administration
Before giving Meds
During admin of meds
After giving Meds
Three Checks
checking medication
- Before you Pour (check lable)
- After you Prepare verify label again)
- Before you Administer at the bedside
Clients Rights of Medication (Six)
Right Medication (Drug)
Right Time
Right Route
Right Patient
Right Documentation
Right Dose
Oral Medication Routes
Tablets/Capsules
Buccal (absorbed)
Subluingal (Absorbed)
Liquids
Topical Medication Routes
directly to skin:
lotion > loacal effect
Transdermal patches > systemic effect
Olhthalmic Medication
Eye Medication
Otic Medication
dropped into the Ear
Parenteral Medication Administration (types)
Intravenous (IV) > In the vein
Intradermal > into top layer of skin (10-15)
Subcutaineous > into layer below the dermis (45-90)
Intramuscular > into the muscle (90*)
Indtradermal Injections Amdin
guage and how big is the syringe
1mL syringe
26-28 gauge
1/4- 5/8in short bevel
Subcutaineous Injection Admin
guage and drug used for
25-27 gauge 3/8-5/8 inches
insulin
Intramuscular Injection Admin
20-25 guage
1-1.5 inches (adults)
5/8 inches (children)
in delt muscle or anterolateral thigh
Intravenous Medication
Iv push, Piggy Back, Medicated Drips
