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Pharmacology > Intro To Pharmacology > Flashcards

Intro To Pharmacology Flashcards

1
Q

Xenobiotic

A

Any chemical which is not a normal component of the living organism that is exposed to it

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2
Q

Drug

A

Any chemical or biological agent which is used for its beneficial effects on biological processes

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3
Q

Hypothesis of pharmacology

A

A relationship exists between drug concentration, effect, toxicity

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4
Q

Pharmacodynamics

A

Study of what biologically active compounds do in the body
Deals with Mechanism of action, uses ,adverse effects of drugs

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5
Q

Pharmacokinetics

A

How body reacts to biologically active compounds

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6
Q

Therapeutic effect

A

Primary effect intended that is the reason the drug is prescribed
Antimicrobial
Anti diabetic

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7
Q

Properties that a drug should possess

A

Effective and Selective biological action
Safe
Easy to use
Should be Inactivated or Excreted from the body

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8
Q

Curative drugs ?

A

Antibiotics

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9
Q

Corrective drugs?

A

Pharmacodynamic effect
Antihypertensivnes

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10
Q

Palliative drugs

A

Used to treat symptoms
Pain killers
Anti-cough

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11
Q

Substituting drugs

A

Vitamins deficiency

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12
Q

Preventive (prophylactic ) drugs

A

Vaccines

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13
Q

Supportive drugs

A

Tranquilizers
Fluid therapy

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14
Q

Restorative drugs

A

Agents used in convalescence that help the patient return to normal status
Vitamins
Minerals

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15
Q

Diagnostic drugs

A

Radioconstrast materials
Edrophonium in myasthenia gravis

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16
Q

What are the steps of the new drug development

A

In vitro studies
Animal testing
Clinical testing ( 4 phases)
Marketing

17
Q

What are the pharmacokinetic parameters

A

Absorption— Bioavailability
Distribution— Volume of Distribution
Metabolism -
Excretion- Elimination and Clearance

18
Q

Absorption

A

Processes to reach the drug into the systemic circulation from the route of administration

19
Q

Route of administration has an effect on

A

Speed
Efficiency of the drug

20
Q

First-pass Effect

A

Hepatic metabolism of a pharmacological agent when it is absorbed from the GIT and delivered to the liver via the portal circulation before entering the systemic circulation

21
Q

Bioavailability

A

Percentage of the amount of drug that passes to the systemic circulation to the total amount that is administered.
Accepted 100% when it is IV

22
Q

How is ROA determined?

A

By the physical characteristics of the drug, the speed which the drug is absorbed and/or released, as well as the need to bypass hepatic metabolism and achieve high concentration at particular sites

Pharmacology (6 decks)

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