Intro To Personality Theory Flashcards
Learn and understand the meaning and importance of theory and be able to differentiate personality to characteristics
Personality comes from ______ “_________” meaning
Latin: Persona
mask worn by Roman actors in greek dramas to project a role or false appearance
Define Personality
a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to person’s behavior.
a pattern of relatively permanent traits and unique characteristics that give both consistency and individuality to person’s behavior.
Personality
Define
Traits
a relatively permanent disposition of an individual which is inferred from behavior
what do you mean by
disposition??
inhereted qualities
mentality
nature
what is “inferred”
conclude
a relatively permanent disposition of an individual which is inferred from behavior
traits
these are unique qualities of an ind that include such attributes such as temperament, physique and intelligence.
Characteristics
Define
Characteristics
unique qualities of an ind that include such attributes such as temperament, physique and intelligence.
Define
Theory
Theory is a set of related assumptions that allows scientists to use logical deductive reasoning to formulate testable hypotheses.
a set of related assumptions that allows scientists to use logical deductive reasoning to formulate testable hypotheses.
Theory
Explain:
theory is a set of assumptions.
A single assumption can never fill all the requirements of an adequate theory.
A SINGLE ASSUMPTION, for example, couldnt serve to intergrate several onservations, something useful theory should do.
define:
assumption
An assumption is something that you assume to be the case, even without proof.
For example, people might make the assumption that you’re a nerd if you wear glasses, even though that’s not true. Or very nice.
define:
assumption
An assumption is something that you assume to be the case, even without proof.
For example, people might make the assumption that you’re a nerd if you wear glasses, even though that’s not true. Or very nice.
Explain:
theory is a set of RELATED assumptions
Isolated Assumptions can neither generate meaningful hypotheses nor posses internal consistency.
what do you mean by
adequate?
sufficient
enough
integrate
“combine” (with another thing) so that they become whole
Isolated assumptions
out of the way.
inaccessible(unable to be reached)
hindi magkaconnect besh yun lang
Assumptions
the components of a theory are not proven facts in the se
Philosophy means..
philosophers are..
love of wisdom
ppl who pursue wisdom through thinking and reasoning
love of wisdom
ppl who pursue wisdom through thinking and reasoning
Philosophy/ers
love of wisdom
ppl who pursue wisdom through thinking and reasoning
Philosophy/ers
What is epistemology?
nature of knowledge
branch of philosophy concerned with the nature of knowledge
epiSTEMology
Diff between philosophy and theory
Philosophy deals with what ought to be or what should be; Theory does not.
Theory deals with broad sets of IF-THEN statements, but the GOODNESS OR BADNESS of the outcomes of these statements is beyond realm of theory.
the activity of guessing possible answers to a question without having enough information to be certain:
Speculation
Define
Speculation
the activity of guessing possible answers to a question without having enough information to be certain:
What is the relationship between theory and science?
S is the branch of study concerned with OB and classification of data.
Theories are useful tools to give meaning and organizations to OBs
What is a HYPOTHESIS?
It is an educated guess or prediction
What is DEDUCTIVE AND INDUCTIVE REASONING??
Deductive- Going from general to specific
Inductive- s to g
Difference between theory and a hypotheses
Theory is too general.
hypothesis are more specific.
What is TAXONOMY?
Taxonomy is a classification of things acc to their natural relationships.
Are philosophers considered scientists?
Philosophers are not sci bc they do not conduct controlled studies in their pursuit of wisdom.
theories and its relatives
philo
speculation
hypotheses
taxonomy
A useful theory basis of criteria (6)
- generates research
- is falsifiable
- organizes data
- guides action
- is internally consistent
- is parsimonous
Generates research
ability to stimulate and guide further research.
2 kinds of research
- Descriptive research- w/c can expand an existing theory, concerned with the measurement, labelling and categorization
- Hypothesis testing- an indirect verification
Is Falsifiable
ability to be confirmed or disconfirmed
Organizes data
w/o some organization, research findings would remain isolated or meaningless.
one that defines units in terms of observable evebts or behaviors that can be measured.
operational definition
Define:
parsimony
straightforward theories are more useful than ones that bog down under the weight of complicated concepts.
