Intro to Pathophysiology Flashcards
Exam 1
What is the definition of pathophysiology?
Study of disease and injury
Changes is physiology of the body
Pathology (lab studies of cells and tissues)
What is the definition of disease?
Disruption of homeostasis
Physical, mental, and social
What is the definition of homeostasis?
Tendency to maintain an equilibrium
Steady state of internal chemical and physical conditions
The body and organs function best when in the normal range
What are intrinsic conditions that cause disease?
Conditions that come from inside the body (overproduction/underproduction of a hormone/chemical)
Genes, immunity, age, gender
What are extrinsic conditions that cause disease?
Bacteria, viruses, injury, behaviors, stressors, fungi
How do you identify the process of disease?
Signs and symptoms
What are signs?
Objective data (see, hear, touch, etc)
What are symptoms?
Subjective data (what the patient tells you-nausea, pain, etc)
What is etiology?
Cause of disease
What are the stages of disease?
Exposure, onset, remission, and convalescence.
What is the exposure stage of disease.
Where was the exposure?
What is onset stage of disease.
Was the disease sudden, insidious (slow/gradual), latent (not active but lies and waits), prodromal, or mainfestations?
What is the remission stage of disease?
No longer active
What is the convalescence stage of disease?
Recovering from the disease
What are the three types of disease?
Idiopathic, iatrogenic, and exacerbation
Describe idiopathic disease.
We don’t know what caused it
UNKNOWN
We might have ideas or theories
Describe iatrogenic disease.
Caused by some treatment
A ‘medical’ cause
Describe exacerbation disease.
Worsening of a disease
Acute decline in a person’s chronic disease
What doe hypo- mean?
Under, below
What does hyper- mean?
Above, over
What does -penia mean?
lack of, deficiency
What does -cytosis mean?
refers to cells, increase
What does -osis mean?
Process or condition
Production or increase
Invasion or infection
What does -itis mean?
Inflammation
What does -pathy mean?
Disease or suffering
What do you want to know about if someone complains of a cough?
Is it productive? if so, what color is it? Is it thick/thin? When are you coughing? Acute or chronic? History of allergies, smoking, medications?
What systems may be affected when patient has a cough?
Lungs or heart
What other symptoms may be seen with a cough?
Pain (headache), swelling/edema, fever, fatigue, weight loss.
