Intro to Patho/Terminology Flashcards
Define pathology
investigation of structural alterations in cells, tissues, and organs which can help identify cause of a particular disease
Define pathogenesis
pattern of tissue changes assocaited with the development of a disease (i.e. tracking changes of how it goes from infection to disease)
Etiology
study of cause of disease
idiopathic
disease with no identifiable cause
Iatrogenic
disease occurring as a result of medical treatment (ex. antibiotics injuries kidneys)
Nosocomial
diseases acquired as a consequence of being in a hospital environment (i.e. MRSA/VRE)
Differential diagnosis
The process of differentiating between 2+ conditions that share similar signs and sx
prognosis
expected outcome of a disease
Complication
onset of a disease in someone who is already coping with another existing disease
Sequelae
Unwanted outcomes of having a disease (ie. paralysis from stroke; scarring from a burn)
Syndrome vs disorder
Syndrome: group of Sx that occur together (that can eb caused by several interrelated problems or specific disease)
Disorder: abnormality of function
Incidence vs prevalence
incidence: number of new cases in a time period
prevalence: number of existing cases in a time period
Epidemiology
the study of tracking patterns of disease occurrence and transmission among populations and areas
Risk factor vs precipitating factor
Risk factor: not the cause of the disease but increases probability that disease will occur
Precipitating factor: condition/event that does cause a pathologic event or disorder
Stages of Disease in order (from start to end):
prodromal period, acute phase, recover, latent/incubation period, exposure/injury, remission, convalescene
exposure/injury > latent/incubation period > prodromal period > acute phase > remission > convalescence > recover
