Intro to Orthoses Flashcards
what does orthosis mean?
to correct or make straight
what is a splint?
Low Temperature Thermoplastic (LTT) device
what is a brace?
hi-temperature or metal
what are orthoses options?
- Custom designed pattern/choice of thermoplastic
- Pre-cut thermoplastic
- Pre-formed or Pre- fabricated Orthosis
what are the 4 categories of basic orthoses?
- Static
- Serial static
- Static progressive
- Dynamic
what is a static orthoses?
No moving parts—used support, stabilize, protect, immobilize
what is a serial static orthoses?
Lengthen tissues and regain passive ROM by placing tissues in an elongated position for prolonged periods
what is a static progressive orthoses?
Use nondynamic components, such as velcro, hinges, screws, or turnbuckles, to create mobilizing force to ROM
what is a dynamic orthoses?
Use moving parts to permit, control, or restore movement
what is the purpose of a static orthoses?
To immobilize or stabilize joints
what are the purposes of Serial Static / Static Progressive orthoses?
– To mobilize stiff joints
– To resolve muscle-tendon tightness
– To stretch skin and soft tissue scar
what is the purpose of dynamic orthoses?
To Mobilize or provide distraction/traction to joint
what is the person centred goal of orthoses?
patient’s return to function
for orthoses that mobilize, the Amount of temporary vs. permanent change depends on what?
– Temperature of the tissue at time of
deformation
– Duration of the applied load/stress
– Intensity of the applied load/stress
what are effects of orthoses that immobilize?
Minimal repetitive use is needed to maintain normal viscoelasticity of connective tissue
1 week of immobilization leads to changes in length and structure organization
after 3 days of immobilization, what happens to collagen fibres?
they are formed/disorganized
what is the role of connective tissue?
support, and connect other tissues, prevent abnormal or excessive motion
what is viscosity?
the resistance of a substance during loading; required to achieve “plasticity”(deformation of the tissue
after a load is applied)
what is elasticity?
temporary elongation of tissues, e.g. spring; precursor to plasticity
what happens the longer a joint is positioned at its end range?
the greater the gain inn PROM
when does optimal deformation occur?
the application of low-load
prolonged stress over a long period
what is optimal gains in ROM?
3 degrees per week (ranges 1-10 degrees)
