INTRO TO ORGANIC/ ALKANES Flashcards
Features of homologous series (3 marks)
- Same functional group
- Similar chemical properties
- Change in ohysical properties as carbon chain gets longer
Structural isomer
Same molecular formula
Different structural formula
Stereoisomer
Same structural formula different atrangement of atoms in space
What are fuels used for
Used to produce usedul energy
How can gaseous polluntant be removed
Using catalytic converters
Convert harmful gas into less harmful ones
Type of cracking that produces branched alkanes & cyclohexane
Catalytic cracking
Condition of catalytic cracking
High temp
Sloght pressure
Zeolite catalyst
Type of cracking that produces high percentage of alkenes
Thermal cracking
Condition of thermal cracking
High temperature
High pressure
Define hydrocarbons
Compound containing carbon & hydrogen
Dofine saturated
Compound that contain single bonds only
Why does the boiling point incrases with increasing carbon chain length
Number of electrons increases
Stronger induced dipole dipole forces attracted by surface contact between moelcules
Why does the boiling point decreases when amount of branching increases
Less surface contact
Weaker van der walls forces
Name the process for seperating an alkane from a mixture of compound
Fractional distillation
Outline features of fractional distillation
Compunds have different boiling points
Boiling point depends on length lf compound
Hotter onthe bottom of column
Havier moleculds condense at the bottom
