intro to organc

Question 1

Empirical formula and molecular

Answer 1

E:The simplest ratio of the atoms of each element in a compound
M: The total number of atoms of each element in a compound.

Question 2

General formulas

Answer 2

Alkane: CnH2n+2
Alkene: CnH2n
Cycloalkane: CnH2n

Question 3

Branched molecules

Answer 3

CH3- methyl
CH2CH3- Ethyl
CH2CH2CH3- Propyl
CH2CH2CH2CH3- Butyl
Ch2Ch2Ch2Ch2CH3- Pentyl

Question 4

Homologous series

Answer 4

Family of hydrocarbons with similair chemical properties who share the same general formula
Same general formula, same functional group, differ by number of Ch2 units, similiar chemical properties, show gradual change in pjysical properties.

Question 5

Structural isomerism

Answer 5

Same molecular formula but differnt structural formula.
Chain- length of C chains
Position- Position of functional group
Functional group: Type of functional group- alkanes is always cyclo

Question 6

Stereoisomerism

Answer 6

Same structural formula but differnt arrangement of atoms in space.
How it arises: Each C atom in the double bond is bonded to two differnt groups, there is restricted rotation around the bond.