Ethanol production

Question 1

producing ethanol from crude oil

Answer 1

reaction name: hydration
Equation: CH2=CH2 + H20 —> CH3CH2OH
Conditions: Concentrated H3Po4 catalyst. Steam.

Question 2

Producing by fermentation

Answer 2

Reaction name: fermentation/ anaerobic respiration
Equation: C6H12O6 —> 2CH3Ch2OH + 2CO2
Conditions: yeast enzymes, high temp no oxygen. Too cold rate of reaction is slow, to high and enzymes denature.

Question 3

Advantages and disadvantages for hydration

Answer 3

+- large scale production
High purity product
Readily available raw material
High rate of reaction
Continuous production method
_- high temp and pressure
Increase cost
Expensive and high cost equipment needed
Crude oil i non renewable.

Question 4

Advantages and Disadvantages of Fermentation

Answer 4

+ renewable resources
Low tech method which is suitable for developing countries as little equipment needed.
Readily available and renewable material from plants
Low costs
_- slow rate of reaction
Impure ethanol needs distilling
Increases food prices if crops used for alcohol instead of food
Batch production is less efffectin

Question 5

Advantages and disadvantages of biofuel

Answer 5

+- carbon neutral
Renewable raw materials
Conserves crude oil supplies
Provides employment for farmers
Countries with no oil reserves can still generate there own fuel
_- other carbon costs such as transport
Food prices rise
Relies on harvest
Not made Ona global demand of food.