Intro to Organ Systems Flashcards
Describe the 4 main functions of life that are carried out by organ systems
- Exchange w/ the environment
- Transport of fluids
- Providing structure, protection and movement
- Regulating internal processes
Explain which organ systems carry out each of the 4 main functions of life
- Exchange w/ the environment - Respiratory and Digestive system
Explain which organ systems carry out each of the 4 main functions of life
- Transport of fluids - Cardiovascular, lymphatic, and urinary systems
Explain which organ systems carry out each of the 4 main functions of life
- Structure, protection, movement - Integumentary, skeletal, and muscular systems
Explain which organ systems carry out each of the 4 main functions of life
- Regulation of processes - Nervous and endocrine systems
List the Digestive System organs from top to bottom
- Mouth
- Esophagus
- Stomach
- Pancreas
- Small Intestine
- Large Intestine (colon)
- Anus
What organ allows for efficient nutrient absorption and why?
Small Intestine - Has many folds to increase surface area allowing time needed to absorb nutrients
Where is excess water absorbed in the digestive system?
Large Intestine
List the major components of the skeletal system.
206 Bones
Cartilage
Ligaments
Tendons
What are the living cells inside of bones called and what is their function?
Osteocytes, they sense and respond to stress
What two main minerals are stored in our bones?
Calcium and phosphorus
Quickly explain the relationship of the skeletal structures
Bones, cartilage acts as a sponge for articulations (joints) so there is no bones grinding, ligaments connect bones together, tendons attach muscles to bones.
What important role does red bone marrow play in the body?
Critical to hematopoiesis, which is the creation of blood cells
What protein is critical to the skeletal system and what is its function?
Collagen, it provides flexibility
List the renal organs from top to bottom
Kidney
Ureter
Bladder
Urethra
Quickly describe the renal process
Kidney filters blood and absorbs nutrients, leaves wastes in form of urine, urine goes down ureter to bladder, and out of the urethra
What are some variables that the kidneys help to regulate?
Body fluid volume, blood pressure, pH and Electrolyte balance.
List the nervous system organs from top to bottom
Cranial nerves (very top)
Brain
Spinal cord
Peripheral nerves
Why is the nervous system usually discussed in two parts?
The central nervous system receives information and decides/communicates the response. (Brain)
The peripheral nervous system, receives info from central nervous system, and carries out the motor functions needed (Body)
List the lymphatic system organs from top to bottom
Adenoids Tonsils Thymus Lymph Vessel Spleen Bone Marrow
What are the two main functions of the lymphatic system?
- transport extracellular fluid that has leaked from the capillaries and return it to the the cardiovascular system
- house cells that participate in immunity.
List the organs of the male reproductive system
Penis Scrotum Testes Epididymis Prostate gland
List the organs of the female reproductive system
Ovaries Uterus Cervix Vagina Clitoris Mammary glands
List the organs of the respiratory system
Nose
Mouth
Trachea
Lungs: Bronchi (singular bronchus)
Alveoli (singular alveolus)
