Intro to Opthalmology

Question 1

Preseptal Cellulitis

Answer 1

Infection of the eyelid and surrounding skin anterior to the orbital septum.

Question 2

Orbital Cellulitis

Answer 2

infection of the orbital tissues posterior to the orbital septum

Question 3

Ocular/ Orbital trauma

Answer 3

Pain in and around the orbit, bruising, swelling, bleeding from lacerations, and facial numbness, and may complain of changes in vision

Question 4

Conjunctiva chemosis

Answer 4

Swelling of the conjunctiva. Due to the oozing of exudate from abnormally permeable capillaries. Conjunctiva is swollen and gelatinous in appearance.

Question 5

Episcleritis

Answer 5

Benign, self-limiting inflammatory disease affecting the episclera. The episclera is a thin layer of tissue that lies between the conjunctiva and

Question 6

Corneal Ulcer

Answer 6

eye infection that causes an open sore on the cornea (the clear layer in front of the iris and pupil). Contact lenses, injuries, disorders, drugs, and nutritional deficiencies can cause ulcers to form

Question 7

Dendritic Ulcer aka. Epithelial keratitis

Answer 7

Underlying corne has minimal inflammation. Patients will complain of foreign-body sensation, light sensitivity, redness and blurred vision

Question 8

Epithelial defect

Answer 8

Stains green, rest stays blue in blue light

Question 9

Traumatic hyphaema

Answer 9

Blood in the anterior chamber. A complication of blunt or penetrating injury to the eye and can result in permanent vision loss

Question 10

Hypophon

Answer 10

Leukocytic exudate with redness of conjunctiva. A sign of inflammation of the anterior uvea and iris. The exudate settles at the dependent aspect of the eye due to gravity.

Question 11

Anisocoria

Answer 11

Unequal pupil size

Question 12

What muscle does CN3 Oculomotor supply

Answer 12

Upper eyelid muscle (levator palpebrae superioris) and the muscles responsible for pupil constriction (sphincter pupillae) .

Question 13

CN3 Palsy

Answer 13

unable to maintain normal alignment of their eyes when looking straight ahead, leading to strabismus, diplopia and ptosis.

Question 14

Tolosa-Hunt Syndrome

Answer 14

Severe and unilateral headaches with orbital pain, weakness and paralysis (ophthalmoplegia) of eye muscles (extraocular palsies).

Question 15

Papilledema

Answer 15

Disc swelling caused by increased intracranial pressure. Usually bilateral swelling,

Question 16

Ectropion

Answer 16

Where the lower eyelid droops away from the eye and turns outwards

Question 17

Scotoma

Answer 17

an area of partial alteration in the field of vision consisting of a partially diminished or entirely degenerated visual acuity that is surrounded by a field of normal vision