intro to oceanography Flashcards

1
Q

why study the oceans?

A

provides food, medicine, energy and photosythesis

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2
Q

where does energy from the heat of the earths core go?

A

it rises, cools and goes back down (repeats)

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3
Q

how long have continents been moving

A

4 billion years

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4
Q

how long until the continents combine again?

A

300m years

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5
Q

what is the outcome of moving plates

A

Tsunamis, Earthquakes, and volcanoes

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6
Q

when plates meet

A

plate boundary

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7
Q

tsunami

A

a series of waves caused by quakes and travel throughout the world

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8
Q

what happen to aestroids that come close to earth?

A

our planet is constantly getting rid of aestroids from space that enter our atmosphere. They burn up and explode or leave our atmosphere.

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9
Q

what do ocean currents depend on

A

weather

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10
Q

what weather can hurricanes survive in

A

warm. they cannot survive in cold weather

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11
Q

what is unique about plate boundaries

A

they contain life forms that nobody has ever seen before

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12
Q

radar altimetry

A

a satilite that measures ocean depths, sea levels, sea temps ect.

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13
Q

Scientific theory

A

Structure of ideas that explain wide range of observations, from the natural world (everywhere around us)

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14
Q

what is scientific theory supported by

A

supported by abundant evidence (that can always be revised) /facts

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15
Q

can scientific theories change?

A

they are rigourisly tested and verified and

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16
Q

parsimonious

A

simplest explanation for something is most commonly the correct one. (explains something in a simple way)

17
Q

geology theory

A

plate tectonics

18
Q

biology theory

A

evolution by natural selection

19
Q

physics theory

A

thermal dynamics, gravity, energy, relativity, laws. (time in space is not absolute, it is relative.)

20
Q

astonomy theory

A

Big Bang theory

21
Q

Basis of science

A

is evidence, (clues), scientists are detectives of the natural world

22
Q

the scientific method

A

-comparison leads to conclusion
-finding answers can come from refining questions
-science is always growing and can be proven wrong in some circumstances

23
Q

theory

A

highest level of knowledge in science

24
Q

fact

A

phenomenon confirmed by observation

25
hypothesis
idea proposed to explain one or more facts (must be testable)
26
coastal erosion
is always happening, sand and mud from the cliffs fall and turn into sand. 3-10 decades entire cliffs will erode
27
fields in oceanography
-geology -chemistry -physics -astronomy -geography -biology -chemistry -engineering
28
ways to view a landscape or object
-cross section: looking through something -map: birds eye view -block diagram: 3D view
29
how old is the sea floor
200m years old, younger than the continents (it is always renewing itself)
30
most abundant elements in the ocean
H, O (oxygen), Cl , Na(sodium)
31
deepest ocean
pacific, b/c of trenches 36,000ft
32
shallowest ocean
arctic (17,000ft)
33
easterlie winds
winds coming from the east
34
westerlie winds
winds coming from the west
35
coriolis affect
The earth is spinning, therefore whenever the winds are going foward, they end up going more to the right.
36
high pressure winds
clear skies, the pressure is higher up.
37
low pressure winds
lots of storms, and precipitation