Intro to Neuroscience (History)

Question 1

What is cellular and molecular neuroscience?

Answer 1

study of cell and molecules of nervous system

Question 2

What is systems neuroscience?

Answer 2

study of functional neural circuits and systems

Question 3

What is behavioral neuroscience?

Answer 3

study of mental process and behavior at the biological level

Question 4

What is cognitive neuroscience?

Answer 4

study of cognition and mental processes

Question 5

What is developmental neuroscience?

Answer 5

study of the cellular/molecular mechanisms of nervous system development

Question 6

What is clinical neuroscience?

Answer 6

study of neuronal basis of neurological and mental disorders

Question 7

What is neurophysiology?

Answer 7

study of the function of the nervous system

Question 8

What is neuroanatomy?

Answer 8

study of the structures of the nervous system

Question 9

What is neuropharmacology?

Answer 9

study of the effects of pharmaceuticals on the nervous system

Question 10

What is computational neuroscience?

Answer 10

study of information procession functions of the nervous system

Question 11

What is translational neuroscience?

Answer 11

relationship between basic and clinical neuroscience

Question 12

What is trephination?

Answer 12

first evidence of brain surgery during Neolithic period (10,200 BC)

Question 13

What did the Ancient Egyptians think was the centre of all knowledge and emotion?

Answer 13

the heart

Question 14

What did Alcmaeon of Croton (500 BC) do?

Answer 14

described dissection of optic and sensory nerves

brain was seat of sensation

Question 15

What did Hippocrates do?

Answer 15

brain was seat of intelligence

Question 16

What did Herophilus of Chalcedon do?

Answer 16

Father of Anatomy

first to carry out human dissection

Question 17

What did Erasistratus of Chios do?

Answer 17

Father of physiology

first to dissect living criminals

Question 18

What did Galen do?

Answer 18

“On the Brain”

distinguished between sensory and motor neurons

Question 19

What did Vesalius do?

Answer 19

“De Humani Corpis Fabrica”

anatomy book

Question 20

What did Harvey do?

Answer 20

described role of brain in movement (in frog)

Question 21

What did Descartes do?

Answer 21

described path of CSF

pineal body is where the “mind and soul” interact

Question 22

What did Willis do?

Answer 22

coined the term “neurology”

wrote first textbook “Cerebri Anatome”

Question 23

What did Galvani do?

Answer 23

electricity in nerves

Question 24

What did Fabbroni do?

Answer 24

conduction of nerves are electrical and chemical

Question 25

What did Flourens do?

Answer 25

researched regions of brain using ablation techniques

Question 26

What did Hooke do?

Answer 26

invented own microscope

Question 27

What did Remak do?

Answer 27

described myelinated vs unmyelinated axons

Question 28

What did Perkinje do?

Answer 28

described cerebral cells, identified neuron nucleus and processes

Question 29

What did Helmhotlz do?

Answer 29

used frog sciatic nerve to measure transmission speed of nerve

Question 30

What did Bernstein do?

Answer 30

measured time of action potential

Question 31

What did Broca do?

Answer 31

lateralization and localization

“Broca’s area”

Question 32

What did Golgi do?

Answer 32

Golgi method (silver nitrate staining)

Question 33

What did Sherrington do?

Answer 33

coined term “synapse”