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Neuro Exam 2 > Intro to Neuroscience DSA > Flashcards

Intro to Neuroscience DSA Flashcards

1
Q 
anatomical directions above midbrain
anterior-
posterior-
superior-
inferior-
A

anterior- rostral
posterior- caudal
superior- dorsal
inferior- ventral

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2
Q 
anatomical directions below midbrain
anterior-
posterior-
superior-
inferior-
A

anterior- ventral
posterior- dorsal
superior- rostral
inferior- caudal

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3
Q

sagittal plane

A

divides body or organ into left and right sides

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4
Q

midsagittal plane

A

equal halves of left and right

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5
Q

parasagittal plane

A

unequal halves of left and right

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6
Q

coronal plane

A

same as frontal plane

anterior and posterior

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7
Q

transverse plane

A

same as cross-sectional or horizontal plane

upper (superior) and lower (inferior) portions

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8
Q

CNS

A

anything located in cranial vault or vertebral column:

  • spinal cord
  • brain: brainstem, cerebellum, cerebral cortex
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9
Q

PNS

A

anything that leaves the cranial vault or vertebral column and goes out into the periphery

  • cranial nerves
  • spinal nerves
  • dorsal root ganglia
  • sensory receptors
  • autonomic ganglia
  • enteric plexus
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10
Q

afferent

A

conducting or conducted inward (toward) something such as a nucleus
-sensory neurons

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11
Q

efferent

A

conducting or conducted outward (away) from something such as a nucleus
-motor neurons

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12
Q

names for a bundle of myelinated axons that travel together in the CNS

A
  • tract
  • lemniscus
  • fasciculus
  • column
  • peduncle
  • bundle
  • capsule

white matter

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13
Q

name of area in CNS that contain groups of cell bodies

A
  • nuclei
  • basal ganglia
  • thalamus
  • cortex

gray matter

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14
Q

areas of the PNS that contain groups of cell bodies

A

-ganglia

gray matter

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15
Q

areas of white matter of the spinal cord

A
  • anterior column
  • dorsal column
  • lateral column
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16
Q

areas of gray matter of the spinal cord

A
  • ventral (anterior) horn: lower motor neurons
  • lateral horn: T1-L1 presynaptic sympathetic neurons
  • dorsal (posterior) horn: sensory neurons
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17
Q

lobes of the cerebral cortex

A
  • frontal
  • parietal
  • occipital
  • temporal
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18
Q

gyri

A

bumps

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19
Q

sulci

A

grooves

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20
Q

central sulcus

A

large groove between frontal and parietal lobes

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21
Q

lateral sulcus

A

between temporal lobe inferiorly and frontal and parietal lobes superiorly

22
Q

parietooccipital sulcus

A

imaginary line (seen on sagittal section) separating occipital lobe from parietal and temporal lobes

23
Q

preoccipital notch

A

separates occipital lobe from the parietal and temporal lobes

24
Q

precentral gyrus

A
  • rostral or anterior to the central sulcus

- primary motor cortex

25
Q

postcentral gyrus

A
  • posterior or caudal to the central sulcus

- primary somatosensory cortex

26
Q

parts of the brainstem (superior to inferior)

A

-midbrain
-pons
-medulla
(superior to inferior)

27
Q

features on ventral side of the midbrain

A

cerebral peduncles and CN III

28
Q

features on dorsal side of the midbrain

A

superior and inferior colliculus and CN IV

29
Q

feature of the pons

A

CN V

30
Q

features of the ventral medulla

A

pyramids, olives, CN XI, X, and XII

31
Q

what does the diencephalon contain?

A

thalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus, and eyes

32
Q

What cranial nerves exit the midbrain?

A

CN III and IV

33
Q

What cranial nerves exit the pons?

A

CN V

34
Q

What cranial nerves exit the medulla?

A

CN IX, X, and XII

35
Q

What cranial nerves exit the pontomedullary junction?

A

CN VI, VII, VIII

36
Q

What cranial nerves exit the spinal cord?

A

CN XI

37
Q

CN III nuclei location

A

Midbrain
GSE: oculomotor nucleus
GVE: Edinger-Westpahl nucleus

38
Q

CN IV nuclei location

A

Midbrain

trochlear nucleus

39
Q

CN V nuclei location

A

Pons
GSA: mesencephalic nucleus of V (proprioception)
GSA: principal sensory nucleus of V (discriminative touch)
GSA: spinal nucleus of V (pain and temperature)
SVE: motor nucleus of V

40
Q

CN VI nuclei location

A

Pons

abducens nucleus

41
Q

CN VII nuclei location

A

pons
SVE: motor nucleus of VII
GVE: superior salivatory nucleus

42
Q

CN VIII nuclei location

A

pons
posterior (dorsal) cochlear nucleus and anterior (ventral) cochlear nucleus
superior, lateral, medial, and inferior vestibular nuclei

medulla
posterior (dorsal) cochlear nucleus and anterior (ventral) cochlear nucleus
superior, lateral, medial, and inferior vestibular nuclei

43
Q

CN IX nuclei location

A

medulla
SVE: nucleus ambiguus
GVE: inferior salivatory nucleus

44
Q

CN X nuclei location

A

medulla
SVE: nucleus ambiguus
GVE: dorsal motor of vagus

45
Q

CN XII nuclei location

A

medulla

hypoglossal nucleus

46
Q

CN XI nuclei location

A

spinal cord

spinal cord segments C1-C5

47
Q

What cranial nerves have nuclei in the midbrain?

A

CN III, CN IV

48
Q

What cranial nerves have nuclei in the pons?

A

CN V, CN VI, CN VII, CN VIII

49
Q

What cranial nerves have nuclei in the medulla?

A

CN VIII, CN IX, CN X, CN XII

50
Q

What cranial nerves have nuclei in the spinal cord?

A

CN XI

Neuro Exam 2 (3 decks)

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