Gross Brain, Brainstem, and Spinal Cord

Question 1

PNS

Answer 1

collection of spinal and cranial nerves whose branches conveying messages to and from the CNS

Question 2

CNS

Answer 2

brain and spinal cord

Question 3

parts of the brain (3)

Answer 3

forebrain, cerebellum, and brainstem

Question 4

parts of the forebrain (2)

Answer 4

cerebral hemispheres and diencephalon

Question 5

Where is the brainstem?

Answer 5

btwn forebrain and spinal cord

Question 6

gray matter

Answer 6

areas containing neuronal/glial cell bodies and dendrites

Question 7

nuclei

Answer 7

collections of cell bodies w/ common function

Question 8

cortex

Answer 8

layers of gray matter over other parts of the CNS (ie cerebral and cerebellar cortices)

Question 9

Is a nucleus gray or white matter?

Answer 9

gray

Question 10

Is a cortex gray or white matter?

Answer 10

gray

Question 11

white matter

Answer 11

areas where there is a collection of axons; many covered with myelin

Question 12

Is a fasciculus gray or white matter?

Answer 12

white

Question 13

Is a faniculus gray or white matter?

Answer 13

white

Question 14

Is a lemniscus gray or white matter?

Answer 14

white

Question 15

Is a peduncle gray or white matter?

Answer 15

white

Question 16

Is a tract gray or white matter?

Answer 16

white

Question 17

gyrus

Answer 17

ridge of cortical tissue

Question 18

sulcus

Answer 18

groove located between gyri

Question 19

fissures

Answer 19

particularly deep sulci

Question 20

What are the sulci that divide the five lobes?

Answer 20

central sulcus
lateral sulcus
parietooccipital sulcus
cingulate sulcus

Question 21

What is the huge fiber bundle between the two hemispheres?

Answer 21

corpus callosum

Question 22

What is the frontal pole?

Answer 22

anterior tip of the brain in the frontal lobe

Question 23

What are the boundaries of the frontal lobe?

Answer 23

frontal pole to central sulcus
lateral sulcus to cingulate sulcus
top of central sulcus to cingulate sulcus
continues as the orbital part of frontal lobe

Question 24

What makes up the lateral surface of the frontal lobe?

Answer 24

precentral gyrus, superior, middle, and inferior frontal gyri

Question 25

What does the precentral gyrus house?

Answer 25

primary motor cortex

Question 26

What is the function of the precentral gyrus and frontal gyri?

Answer 26

planning and initiating voluntary movements

Question 27

Where is Broca's area and what is it?

Answer 27

opercular and triangular parts of inferior frontal gyrus usually in the left hemisphere -motor aspects of written and spoken language

Question 28

Where is the prefrontal cortex and what is its functions?

Answer 28

most of the frontal lobe | -executive functions, personality, decision making, insight, and foresight

Question 29

What is in the parietal lobe?

Answer 29

postcentral gyrus, superior and inferior parietal lobulues

Question 30

function of postcentral gyrus

Answer 30

primary somatosensory cortex: controls with processing of tactile and proprioceptive info, sensory location

Question 31

function and location of parietal lobule

Answer 31

one hemisphere, usually left | language comprehension

Question 32

function of parietal cortex?

Answer 32

spatial orientation and directing attention

Question 33

homonuculus

Answer 33

somatosensory info from different part of the body enter spinal cord at different levels. representations of different parts within a pathway travel together but in separate bundles. contralateral half of the body is mapped in each postcentral gyrus in a somatotopic map.

Question 34

temporal lobe parts

Answer 34

superior, middle, and inferior temporal gyri | occipitotemporal (fusiform) gyrus

Question 35

superior surface of temporal lobe with small area of superior temporal gyrus

Answer 35

primary auditory cortex

Question 36

Wernicke's area

Answer 36

posterior portion of superior temportal gyrus (left) important for comprehension of language

Question 37

inferior surface of temporal lobe function

Answer 37

higher order processing and visual info

Question 38

medial part of temporal lobe

Answer 38

learning and memory

Question 39

parts of occipital lobe

Answer 39

lateral occipital gyri, cuneus, calcarine sulcus

Question 40

lateral occipital gyrus

Answer 40

lateral surface of occipital lobe

Question 41

cuneus

Answer 41

wedge shaped area btwn parietooccipital and calcarine sulci

Question 42

primary visual cortex

Answer 42

walls of calcarine sulcus

Question 43

occipital lobe function

Answer 43

visual association cortex