Intro to Neoplasia I (Putthoff Lect)- Ch 7 Flashcards
Cancer is the name for all tumors, benign and malignant
A. Yes
B. No
C. It depends
Cancer is the name for all tumors, benign and malignant
A. Yes
B. No
C. It depends
Tumors can always be categorized as benign or malignant
A. Yes
B. No
C. Never
A. Yes
B. No
C. Never
Cancer is said to be genetic, therefore most cancers are inherited
A. Yes
B. No
C. Never
A. Yes
B. No
C. Never
Cancer cells are often said to be immortal, therefore all cells in a malignant clone, are immortal
A. Yes
B. No
A. Yes
B. No
Cancer (malignant transformation of cells) occurs (at its common sites, eg lung, breast, colon) from differentiated surface cells.
A. Yes
B. No
C. Sometimes
A. Yes
B. No
C. Sometimes
Some benign tumors metastasize
A. Yes
B. No
A. Yes
B. No
What is a metastasis?
The spread of cancer cells from their primary site (the tissue in which the cancer began) to another site in the body
T/F
Contigous spread does constitute metastasis
F
What are the most common sites for cancers to metastasize?
LLBB
Liver, lungs, bone and brain
What are examples of some causes of cancer?
Genetics
Tobacco
Diet/Physical Activity
Sun/UV exposure
Radiation exposure
What is the most prevalent cancer in males vs females?
Males = prostate
Females = breast
What are these samples examples of?
Metastatic breast cancer
(Common ductal carcinoma of the breast)
Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia
Define:
Cancer
Generic term for all malignant neoplasms
Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia
Define:
Neoplasia
“New growth or form”
Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia
Define:
Tumor
Used by physicians as a synonym for neoplasia
Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia
Define:
Oncology
Study of tumors (neoplasms)
Basic Definitions: Cancer and Neoplasia
Define:
Clonal
The entire population of a neoplasm arises from a single cell that has incurred genetic change
I.e., all neoplastic cells are clones of one original altered cell
Every time DNA is copied, about ___ random mutations occur
3
MOST cancers are the result of….
Sporadic maligant neoplasm
What are the most common primary tumors/cancers in western society?
Skin
Lung
Large bowel
Prostate
Breast
Cancer occurs from surface cells in the epithelium
A. Yes
B.No
C. Sometimes
A. Yes
B.No
C. Sometimes
E
What is this an example of?
Basal cell carcinoma
Cancers do NOT arise from…
De-differentiation of adult cells
What are examples of common names of benign tumors?
Adenoma
Papilloma
Cystadenofibroma
What is the greek derived term used to describe malignant tumors?
Sarcomas
Malignant tumors arising from blood-forming cells are called…
Leukemias
or
Lymphomas
What are the three major categories of malignant cancers?
Carcinomas
Sarcomas
Blood forming cells
What is the most common general category of malignant tumors in US adults?
Carcinoma
What is this an example of?
Mixed tumor
What is this an example of?
Teratoma
What are the two general components of tissue?
Parenchyma
Stroma
What is the parenchyma?
Gives rise to the neoplastic cellular component, it is benign, malignant or “other”
What is the stroma?
The supportive cellular component
(The tissue “skeleton” upon which (or within which) the parenchymal component resides)
What is a gland?
A group of cells, frequently arranged around a lumen
The cells are typically specialized to secrete a substance
What is cellular “atypia”?
Cell has “atypical” structure from normal
Cancerous cells demonstate:
Small cytoplasm
Multiple nuclei
Multiple and large nucleoli
Coarse chromatin
Define:
Metaplasia
Replacement of one type of cell with another type
Define:
Dysplasia
Disordered growth
