Intro to neonate orthopaedic disease Flashcards
List 6 neonatal equine orthopaedic diseases
- Incomplete ossification of cuboidal bones
- Septic arthritis / physitis / osteomyelitis (SAPO)
- Physitis
- Physeal fracture
- Angular Limb deformity
- Flexural deformity
when do the carpal or tarsal bones ossify
in last 2-3 months of gestation (months 9-11)
List 2 things that can cause incomplete ossification of cuboidal bones
Affects premature / dysmature foals
Placentitis / colic / abnormal positioning during gestation
Describe how we treat incomplete ossification of cuboidal bones
Restrict exercise
Splint limbs if laxity exists
Wait for bones to ossify
What is physitis
Inflammation of the physis (growth plate) at the end of a long bone
When does the distal end of radius growth plate close
18-20 months
when does the distal end of the metacarpal 3 growth plate close
4 months
when does the distal tibial growth plate close
18-20 months
List 3 potential triggers to physitis
rapid growth
trauma to the physis
genetic predisposition
List the clinical signs of physitis
Heat
Swelling
Pain on palpation
Possibly lameness
commonly bilateral
when does physitis commonly occur
Distal metacarpus 3-6mo foals
Distal radius yearlings
commonly bilateral
what do we see on radiograph with physitis
widening
sclerosis
Periosteal new bone with bridging
describe how to treat physitis
exercise restriction
analgesia
correct underlying cause- e.g. reduce energy in feed
what type of Salter- Harris fracture most common
type 2
describe how to treat Salter- Harris fracture
Conservative management - cast coaptation & confinement
Surgical correction – internal fixation
