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YL2-MICRO > INTRO TO MYCOLOGY > Flashcards

INTRO TO MYCOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q

Study of fungus

A

mycology

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2
Q

T/F: Fungi are eukaryotic

A

True

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3
Q

Cell structure of fungi

A

chitin

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4
Q

Difference of fungus to plants

A

Lack of chlorophyll and must absorb nutrients from the environment

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5
Q

Fungi reproduction process

A

Budding; Fragmentation; Spore release (sexual/asexual)

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6
Q

Unicellular with round nucleus and can be used in beverage preparation

A

Yeast

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7
Q

Reproduction process of yeast

A

BB: budding and binary fission

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8
Q

Multicellular, filamentous microorganism and contains hyphae. grows best at 30 degree celsius

A

Molds

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9
Q

Molds are reproduced by ________?

A

sexually or asexually and spread through spores

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10
Q

2 types of HYPHAE

A

Hyaline (moniliaceous) hyphae & Phaeiod (dermatiaceous) hyphae

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11
Q

Non pigmented or lightly pigmented hyphae

A

Hyaline (moniliaceous) hyphae

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12
Q

Darkly pigmented hyphae

A

Phaeiod (dermatiaceous) hyphae

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13
Q

stains used at hyaline and phaeiod hyphae

A

Gomori methylene stain & Fontana-Masson stain

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14
Q

Stain melanin causing phaeiod hyphae to appear brown and hyaline hyphae stain pink to red

A

Fontana-Masson stain

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15
Q

Ability of some fungi to exist in two forms dependent on the growth condition; includes mold phase and yeast or spherule phase

A

Dimorphic Fungi

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16
Q

phase seen in vivo or when organism is grown at 37 degree celsius

A

Yeast or tissue state

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17
Q

Phase seen when organism is grown at room temp (22-25 Celsius) in ambient air condition

A

Mold phase

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18
Q

Have both yeast and mold forms in the same culture

A

Polymorphic fungi

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19
Q

example of polymorphic fungi

A

Exophiala spp

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20
Q

Rapidly growing organisms normally found in the soil; produce profuse gray to white, aerial mycelium and characterized by the presence of hyaline, sparsely septate hyphae.

A

Glomeromycota

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21
Q

Genera of Glomeromycota

A

Mucor, Rhizomucor, Rhizopus

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22
Q

Reproduction process of Glomeromycota

A

Asexually reproduction ((+) sporangiopores

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23
Q

characterized by production of sexual spores known as ascospores

A

Ascomycota

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24
Q

Ascospores are formed within a saclike structure known as____________?

A

Ascus

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25
Organism exist in a vegetative trophic form that reproduces asexually by binary fission
Pneumocystidomycetes
26
Contains the ascomycetous yeasts, which are characterized by vegetative yeast cells that proliferate by budding or fission Have an anamorphic stage belonging to the genus Candida
SACCHAROMYCETES
27
Sexual reproduction leads to the formation of a thin-walled sac (ascus) that contains haploid ascospores
EUROTIOMYCETES
28
Have clamp connections occur at the septations in the vegetative hyphae and are easily visible with light microscopy
BASIDIOMYCOTA
29
Cryptococcus, Malassezia, and Trichosporon
BASIDIOMYCOTA
30
Examples of microspora
Anncaliia Encephalitozoon, Endoreticulatus Enterocytozoon Nosema, Pleistophora Vittaforma Tubulinosema and Trachipleistophora
30
Obligate intracellular, unicellular, spore forming eukaryotes
MICROSPORA
30
The superficial mycoses concentrate only on the
Stratum corneum layer
31
Predisposing factors for superficial mycoses infection
Humidity Immunosuppression Poor hygiene
32
Causes tinea versicolor
Malassezia furfur
33
Hyper or hypopigmentation of the skin; Lesions are well demarcated; with Fawn-colored macules
tinea versicolor
34
diagnosis of tinea versicolor
Skin scrapings in a potassium hydroxide (KOH) preparation or (+) yellow fluorescence with a Wood’s lamp on examination.
35
Malassezia furfur appearance in culture colonies
are cream-colored, moist, and smooth.
36
appearance of Malassezia furfur in direct microscopy
Spaghetti and meatballs fungus
37
Causative agent of Black Piedra (Infection on the hairs of the scalp)
Piedraia hortae
38
Diagnosis of black piedra
Hair with Hard Black Nodules; direct microscopy - Thick-walled rhomboid cells containing ascospores are seen.
39
How many ascospores are within one asci
eight
40
Cultured use in diagnosis of black piedra
Sabouraud dextrose agar (slow grower)
41
Part of the normal skin biota and causative agent of White piedra
Trichosporon spp.
42
Most fatal Trichosporon spp.
Trichosporon asahaii
43
Trichosporon spp. can cause meningitis.
Trichosporon mucoides
44
Direct microscopy of trichosporon spp. (white piedra)
(+) Arthrospores, hyphae and blastoconcidia
45
Tinea nigra (brown to black non-scaly macules that occur on the palms and soles) Chronic superficial fungal infection of the palms and soles caused by _________?
Exophiala / Hortaea werneckii
46
Direct microscopy of hortaea werneckii
(+) septate, pigmented hyphal elements and budding cells
47
Fungal diseases of the keratinized tissues of humans
DERMATOMYCOSES
48
Tinea capitis
head
49
tinea favosa
head (distinctive pathology)
50
Tinea barbae
beard
51
Tinea corporis
body (glabrous skin)
52
tinea mannum
hand
53
tinea unguium
nails
54
tinea cruris
groin
55
Tinea pedia
feet
56
tinea imbricate
body (distinctive lesion)
57
Most cases are associated with gardening, particularly with exposure to rose thorns (rose handler’s disease) and sphagnum moss.
Sporothrix schenckii
58
Most commonly presentation of Sporothrix schenckii
Lymphocutaneous sporotrichosis. (+) nodular and ulcerative lesion along the lymph channels
59
Sporothrix schenckii is a dimorphic fungus thus have yeast phase and mold phase. What are the morphology of these fungus at yeast and mold phase?
Yeast phase: small, cigar-shaped Mold phase: thin, delicate hyphae bearing conidia developing in a rosette pattern.
60
Infections that affect internal organs or deep tissues of the body.
SYSTEMIC MYCOSES
61
initial site of infection of systemic mycoses is the _______?
lungs
62
2 drugs inhibits bacterial growth added to SDA
Cycloheximide and Chloramphenicol
63
At what pH did the bacterial growth inhibit by cycloheximide and chloramphenicol
pH 5.6
64
at pH 5.6 bacteria inhibited by chloramphenicol and cycloheximide except with _______________ & ____________?
Histoplasma and Nocardia spp.
65
media used for Histoplasma and Nocardia spp.
BRAIN HEART INFUSION (BHI) BROTH & CORNMEAL TWEEN AGAR
66
Used for observation of vaginal specimens.
SALINE WET MOUNT
67
Kills bacterial organism.
Phenol
68
Preserves fungal structures.
Lactic acid
69
Stains the chitin.
Cotton blue stain

YL2-MICRO (5 decks)

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