INTRO TO MICROPARA Flashcards

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1
Q

specialized area of biology that deals with organisms too small to be seen without
magnification

A

MICROBIOLOGY

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2
Q

the study of parasites, their hosts, and the relationship between them

A

PARASITOLOGY

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3
Q

give me the 7 microorganisms

A

BACTERIA, ARCHAEA, PROTOZOA, FUNGI, HELMINTHS, VIRUSES, ALGAE

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4
Q
  • Prokaryotic
     Cell wall with peptidoglycan (most)
     Unicellular
     Reproduce by binary fission (asexually)
     Circular DNA
     Some are autotrophic, some are heterotrophic
A

BACTERIA

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5
Q

 Prokaryotic
 Cell wall lacks peptidoglycan
 Unicellular
 Reproduce by binary fission (asexually)
 Extremophiles
 Thermophiles , Halophiles , Methanogens

A

ARCHAEA

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6
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 EXTREMOPHILES

A

Thermophiles , Halophiles , Methanogens

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7
Q

 Eukaryotic
 Lacks cell walls
 Usually heterotrophic
 Unicellular
 Can reproduce asexually and sexually
 Moves by: Pseudopods , Flagella , Cilia , Some are
non -motile

A

PROTOZOA

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8
Q

PROTOZOA MOVES BY:

A

Pseudopods , Flagella , Cilia , Some are non -motile

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9
Q

 Eukaryotic
 Cell wall has chitin
 Heterotrophic
 Unicellular (yeast) or multicellular (molds and
mushroom)
 Can reproduce asexually and sexually
 Linear DNA

A

FUNGI

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10
Q

 Flatworms and roundworms
 No cell wall
 Heterotrophic
 Can reproduce sexually and asexually
 Have microscopic stages

A

HELMINTHS

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11
Q

 Acellular
 Obligate intracellular parasite
 DNA or RNA
 May be enveloped or naked
 A capsid (protein coat) is required

A

VIRUSES

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12
Q

 Eukaryotic
 Cell wall has cellulose
 Photosynthetic
 Unicellular or multicellular
 Can reproduce sexually or asexually
 Often contains pigments: green , red, or brown

A

ALGAE

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13
Q

WHAT ARE THE 3 PIGMENTS THAT ALGAE CONTAINS: ____, ___, ___

A

GREEN, RED & BROWN

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14
Q

 Magnification : up to about 1000×

A

LIGHT MICROSCOPY

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15
Q

Uses visible or ultraviolet light to produce
an image

A

LIGHT MICROSCOPY

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16
Q

 Commonly used in a wide variety of laboratory
applications as the standard method.

A

BRIGHTFIELD MICROSCOPY

17
Q

 Produces an image on a bright background.

A

BRIGHTFIELD MICROSCOPY

18
Q

GRAM (+)

A

PURPLE

19
Q

GRAM (-)

A

RED/PINKISH

20
Q

COCCI means

A

ROUND

21
Q

BACILLI means

A

ROD

22
Q

What bacteria is found in yogurt?

A

Lactobacillus acidophilus

23
Q

What bacteria is found in yakult?

A

Lactobacillus casei

24
Q

 Increases contrast without staining by producing a
bright image on a darker background.

A

DARKFIELD MICROSCOPY

25
Q

 Uses refraction and interference caused by
structures in the specimen to create high contrast,
high resolution images without staining.

A

PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPY

26
Q

Uses interference patterns to enhance contrast between different features of specimen to produce high-contrast images with 3D appearance.

A

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST (DIC) MICROSCOPY

27
Q

 Useful for viewing live specimens.

A

DARKFIELD MICROSCOPY

28
Q

 Useful for viewing live specimens, and structures
such as endospores and organelles.

A

PHASE CONTRAST MICROSCOPY

29
Q

Uses interference patterns to enhance contrast
between different features of specimen to produce
high-contrast images with 3D appearance.

A

DIFFERENTIAL INTERFERENCE CONTRAST (DIC) MICROSCOPY

30
Q

 Uses fluorescent stains to produce an image.

A

FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY

31
Q

 Useful for identifying pathogens, to find particular
species, to distinguish living from dead cells, or to find locations of particular molecules within a cell.

A

FLUORESCENCE MICROSCOPY

32
Q

Uses a laser to scan multiple z-planes successively, producing numerous two dimensional, high resolution images at various depths that can be constructed in a 3D image by a computer.

A

CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY

33
Q

 Useful for examining thick specimens such as biofilms.

A

CONFOCAL MICROSCOPY

34
Q

 Uses electron beams focused with magnets to
produce an image.

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

35
Q

 Uses electron beams focused with magnets to
produce an image.

A

ELECTRON MICROSCOPY

36
Q

 Uses electron beams that pass through a specimen
to visualize small images.

 Useful to observe small, thin specimens such as
tissue sections and subcellular structures.

A

TRANSMISSION ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (TEM)

37
Q

 Uses electron beams to visualize surfaces.

 Useful to observe the three-dimensional surface
details of specimens

A

SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY (SEM)