Intro to MD Flashcards
What is the Neuromaturational Developmental Theory?
- acknowledge variation in sequence and input from all systems
- cephalocaudal (prox to dist)
- tightly tied to the CNS
What is the Cognitive Developmental Theory?
- thinking develops in stages of increasing complexity
- organize mental schemes through mental operations
What is the Behavioral Developmental Theory?
- behavior is shaped by the environment
- assumes most behaviors learned responses
- used in ABA
What is the Psychoanalytical/Psychosocial Developmental Theory?
- biologically determined drives, unconscious conflicts
- initial drive for survival
What is the Ecological/Contextual Developmental Theory?
- environment has very strong influence
What is the Dynamic Systems Developmental Theory?
- movement emerges based on internal milieu, external environment, task
- movement directed by dynamic interacting systems
What is the Neuronal Group Selection Developmental Theory?
- infant motor development with increased and decreased periods of variability - resultant from changes in CNS
- CNS + environmental factors
Define prenatal
- before birth
Define gestation
- measured in weeks
- from the first day of the woman’s last menstrual cycle to the current date
Define fertilization
- egg fertilized by sperm to form zygote
Define embryo
- week 2-8 after fertilization
Define fetus
- developing week 9-37
Define neonate
- infant up to 28 days after birth
What is gastrulation and when does it occur?
- the formation of the ecto-, meso-, and endo- derm layers
- third week of embryonic development
What is neurolation?
- the formation of the neural tube
- eventually becomes the SC and brain
- formed by the overlying ectodermal cells at the neural plate
- the neural crest becomes the PNS & other structures
- the remaining ectoderm forms the epidermis of skin, hair, exocrine glands, and the anterior pituitary
What do the mesodermal cells form?
- the notochord
When does the cardiovascular system develop?
- first system to develop
- developed by the mesoderm
- heart beat by week 4
When does the pulmonary system develop?
- lower respiratory tract begins at day 22
- forms on ventral wall of foregut endoderm
What are the 5 stages of pulmonary development?
- embryonic (3-6 weeks)
- pseudoglandular (5-17 weeks)
- canalicular (16-25 weeks)
- saccular (24 weeks-birth)
- alveolar (36 weeks-8 years)
What develops the GI system?
- ectoderm
- as part of the PNS, neurons to GI tract
- mesoderm
- wall of gut tube, smooth mm
- endoderm
- epithelial lining of GI tract, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What develops the MSK system?
- mesoderm
- bone, cartilage, mm
- all bones derive from mesenchyme
What are genetic influences that can affect motor development?
- chromosomes
- chromosomal disorders
- single gene disorders
- multifactorial disorders
What are environmental influences that can affect motor development?
- access to prenatal care
- nutrition
- vitamins
- vaccinations
- management of conditions
- Teratogens
- TORCH
What are some teratogens?
- heavy metals
- radiation
- medications
- illicit drugs
- infectious agents
- chronic maternal illness
What does TORCH stand for?
- intrauterine infections
- toxoplasmosis
- other (syphilis, HIV, varicella-zoster virus)
- rubella
- cytomegalovirus
- herpes simplex
List the F words?
- functioning
- family
- fitness
- fun
- friends
- future
What is APGAR? When would you use it?
- appearance
- pulse
- grimace
- activity
- respiration
- done at 1 minute and 5 minutes after birth
- score 0-2
How would you calculate adjusted age due to prematurity?
- chronological age - prematurity
