Intro to MB Flashcards
father of MB
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
invented first microscope
Anton van Leeuwenhoek
idea that life arises from nonlife
spontaneous generation
Redi’s experiment
meat and maggots in sealed and unsealed jars
Spallanzani’s experiment
boiled broth in sealed & unsealed flasks
people argued against Spallanzani and Redi’s experiments that…
they blocked the vital force of air
Pasteur’s experiment
swan-neck shaped flasks allowing air in, but not microbes
germ theory of disease
links microbes to diseases
Koch wanted to discover…
he developed…
etiology of diseases
postulates to prove a disease’s cause
Koch’s postulates only work on…
infectious diseases
3 examples of biodegradation
cellulose breakdown
sewage & wastewater breakdown
bioremediation - oil spill cleanup
4 foods produced with bacteria
yogurt
alcohol
bread
cheese
yeast species used in food production
Saccharomyces cerevisiae
bacteria species found in yogurt
Lactobacillus acidophilus
bacteria & yeasts that are good for the body
probiotics
products besides food produced by microbes
ethanol
oil
antibiotics
amino acids
2 examples of biotechnology
insulin production
DNA testing
E. coli enzymes are used to…
splice out sections of DNA to be used in testing
function of polymerase chain reaction
amplifies DNA so a small amount can be used for a test
differences between prokaryotes and eukaryotes
PK are single-celled — EK can be single or multi celled
PK have no membrane bound nucleus & organelles — EK have membrane bound nucleus & organelles
two prokaryote domains
bacteria
archaea
archaea live in ______ ______ and their only anatomical difference from bacteria is in their…
extreme environments
cell walls
4 eukaryote microbes
algae
protozoa
fungi
helminths
3 nonliving infectious agents
viruses
viroids
prions
nucleic acids in a protein coat
viruses
viruses are _______ _______ parasites
obligate intracellular
viroids cause diseases in…
plants
abnormal infectious proteins
prions
prions target _____ and cause…
neurons
neurodegenerative diseases
species are named by a ______ _______
binomial nomenclature
contributions of Nightingale
cleanliness in medical settings
founded first nursing school
contribution of Jenner
began immunology
first vaccine - against smallpox using cowpox
contribution of Semmelweis
handwashing in medical settings
prevented deaths of women giving birth
contribution of Snow
epidemiology and infection control
studied cholera in London
contribution of Lister
created an antiseptic chemical to prevent infection during surgery/of wounds
contribution of Gram
created staining technique which divides bacteria into two groups
contribution of Ehrlich
chemotherapy
discovered chemicals which could combat disease
