Intro to Intellectual Impairment Flashcards
What is the definition of a learning disability?
- A learning disability is a reduced intellectual ability and difficulty with everyday activities - for example household tasks, socialising or managing money - which affects someone for their whole life
Intellectual disability involves problems with general mental abilities that affect functioning in 2 areas. What are these 2 areas?
- Intellectual functioning (such as learning, problem solving, judgement) - this can be mild, moderate or severe
- Adaptive functioning (activities of daily life such as communication and independent living)
How much of the population is affected by an intellectual disability and what % of that have a mild disability?
- Intellectual disability affects about 1% of the population, and of those about 85% have mild intellectual disability
Who is more likely to be diagnosed with an intellectual disability: males or females?
- Males are more likely than females to be diagnosed with an intellectual disability
Give examples of terms that are acceptable to use to label a learning disability? (4)
- Person with an intellectual impairment
- Person with a learning disability
- Person with a learning difficulty
- Developmental delay
Give examples of terms that are unacceptable to use to label a learning disability? (5
- Intellectually disabled
- Mentally retarded
- Mentally handicapped
- Learning disabled people
- Special needs
When using terms to describe a person with an intellectual impairment what is the most important thing?
- If going to use terms and labels to describe them as a group the most important thing is that they are seen as a person
What are global terms in health and social care that are used for someone with an intellectual impairment? (3)
- Person with additional care needs
- Person with additional support needs
- Person who requires special care
Impairment and disability are different things. What is an impairment?
- In the context of health experience an impairment is any loss or abnormality or psychological, physiological or anatomical structure or function. Impairment is considered to occur at the level of organ or system function. Disability is concerned with functional performance or activity, affecting the whole person
Impairment and disability are different things. What is a disability?
- In the context of health experience a disability is any restriction or lack (resulting from an impairment) of ability to perform an activity in the manner or within the range considered normal for a human being
What is the WHO definition of a disability?
- Disability is an umbrella term, covering impairments, activity limitations, and participation restrictions
What is the WHO definition of an impairment?
- A problem in body function or structure
What is the WHO definition of an activity limitation?
- A difficulty encountered by an individual in executing a task or action
What is the WHO definition of a participation restriction?
- A problem experienced by an individual in involvement in life situations
Look at slides on social vs medical models
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