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Health Behavior > Intro to Health Behavior Notes > Flashcards

Intro to Health Behavior Notes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the central concern of health education?

A

Health behavior

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2
Q

What does health behavior encompass?

A

Actions of individuals, groups, and organizations, as well as their determinants, correlates, and consequences

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3
Q

Name three aspects of health behavior beyond observable actions

A

Mental events, feeling states, and cognitive elements

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4
Q

What types of determinants are included in health behavior?

A

Beliefs, expectations, motives, values, perceptions, cognitive elements, and personality characteristics

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5
Q

How does health behavior relate to social change and policy development?

A

Health behavior is linked to social change, policy development & implementation, improved coping skills, and enhanced quality of life

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6
Q

In health behavior, what are some examples of cognitive elements?

A

Beliefs, expectations, and perceptions.

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7
Q

What is the definition of behavior?

A

The manner in which something acts, functions, responds, or reacts.

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8
Q

Define health behavior

A

The actions, responses, or reactions of an individual, group, or system that prevent illness, promote health, and maintain quality of life

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9
Q

What are the two types of health behaviors?

A

Individual health behavior and group health behavior

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10
Q

According to Parkerson et al. (1993), what does health behavior include?

A

The actions of individuals, groups, and organizations, as well as their determinants, correlates, and consequences, including social change, policy development and implementation, improved coping skills, and enhanced quality of life.

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11
Q

What are some examples of health behaviors?

A

Condom use, smoking, using seatbelts, eating healthy, exercising 5x a week, drug use, completing prescribed medication, getting a PAP test.

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12
Q

Is health behavior necessarily motivated by concerns about health?

A

No, health behavior is not necessarily motivated or influenced by concerns about health.

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13
Q

Why is changing health behavior complex?

A

Because behavior is influenced by many factors, and changing it requires a deep understanding of a range of influences.

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14
Q

What must be understood before behavior can be changed?

A

The determinants of behavior.

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15
Q

What are some behavioral and environmental causes of obesity?

A

Marketing of unhealthy food, overeating, lack of exercise

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16
Q

How does the availability of healthy food affect dietary choices?

A

The lack of supermarkets and farmers’ markets in low-income neighborhoods can limit access to healthy food options.

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17
Q

What factors influence decisions about what people eat?

A

Attitudes, beliefs, sociocultural norms related to diet, and the availability of healthy food

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18
Q

What are some considerations when deciding what makes a good meal?

A

Ethnic foods and personal preferences.

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19
Q

What factors influence decisions to engage in physical activity?

A

Cost, time, access, possibility of incorporating physical activity into daily life, physical characteristics of the built environment, and motivation

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20
Q

What are the three categories of health behaviors?

A

Preventive behavior, illness behavior, and sick-role behavior

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21
Q

What is preventive behavior?

A

Health-related behaviors of people who are healthy and try to maintain their health.

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22
Q

What is illness behavior?

A

Behavior undertaken by individuals who perceive themselves to be ill and seek relief or definition of illness.

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23
Q

What is sick-role behavior?

A

The treatment plan and actions taken once an individual is diagnosed with a disease.

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24
Q

What has been a major concern over the past 20 years regarding health?

A

Preventing disability, disease, and death through lifestyle changes.

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25
Q

How have the leading causes of death shifted in recent years?

A

There has been a transition from infectious diseases to chronic diseases as the leading causes of death.

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26
Q

What is a significant aspect of many diseases today?

A

Many diseases have some type of behavioral aspect.

27
Q

Name three examples of chronic diseases.

A

Cardiovascular disease, diabetes, cancer.

28
Q

What defines infectious diseases?

A

Infectious diseases are transmitted through a specific form of contact.

29
Q

What are chronic diseases?

A

Chronic diseases manifest over time, are not always apparent, and may be long-lasting or recurring

30
Q

What are infectious diseases?

A

Diseases transmitted through a specific form of contract

31
Q

Name three examples of infectious diseases.

A

HIV/AIDS, tuberculosis, pneumonia.

32
Q

How might the environment influence the spread of chronic diseases?

A

Through factors such as air quality, access to healthy food, and opportunities for physical activity.

33
Q

How might the environment influence the spread of infectious diseases?

A

through factors like sanitation, clean water access, and living conditions that affect disease transmission.

34
Q

How might one’s behavior influence the spread of chronic diseases?

A

Behaviors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and smoking can contribute to the development and progression of chronic diseases.

35
Q

Health Behavior is considered as complex meaning

A

It is influenced by many factors

36
Q

What is the state of a person during preventative health behavior

A

Healthy

37
Q

What is the state of a person during illness health behavior

A

Perceives health problem

38
Q

What is the state of a person during Sick role health behavior

A

Receives diagnosis

39
Q

What are the 3 dimensions of health behavior

A

Complexity, Volitionality and Frequency

40
Q

Complexity involves

A

Higher levels of knowledge or resources to preform simple behaviors

41
Q

What is an example of complexity

A

The correct use of the male condom, which involves 10 steps

42
Q

Frequency includes

A

Behaviors that can be frequent and repetitive, one time only or periodic

43
Q

Example of Frequency in health behavior

A

Frequent: Diet & exercise
One time only: medical screening
Periodic: Mammogram

44
Q

Volitionality includes

A

the degree of personal control over the behavior

45
Q

High volitionality refers to

A

A person having complete control over preforming a behavior

46
Q

Low volitionality refers to

A

Requires reliance on external resources

47
Q

What type of diseases account for the majority of deaths in the U.S. and worldwide

A

Chronic disease

48
Q

Name four major chronic diseases

A
  1. Heart disease
  2. Cancer
  3. Lung disease
  4. Diabetes
49
Q

What are behavioral factors that contribute to mortality

A

Tobacco use
Diet
Physical activity
sexual activity

50
Q

Name three infectious diseases that continue to be threat

A

Malaria
Ebola
Tuberculosis

51
Q

Which group is more vulnerable to infectious diseases

A

Elderly and infants

52
Q

What role does socioeconomic status play in the impact of infectious disease

A

Affects the access to healthcare and resources

53
Q

What are the current leading causes of death

A
  1. Heart disease
  2. Cancer
  3. Stroke
  4. Chronic Lung Disease
  5. Accidents
  6. Pneumonia/ Influenza
  7. Diabetes
  8. AIDS
  9. Suicide
54
Q

How much does the U.S. government spend per person on disease compared to prevention

A

The government spends:

$1,390 per person on treatment vs. $1.21 per person on prevention

55
Q

Why is prevention emphasized in healthcare

A

It is cost effective and can reduce prevalence of disease

56
Q

What is the main goal of health education?

A

Close the gap between what is known of health practice and what people actually do

57
Q

What is included in health education

A
  1. Instruction activity
  2. Strategies to change individual health practices 3
    3.Organizational efforts to change behavior
  3. Policy directives
  4. economic supports
  5. Environmental activities
  6. Mass Media Campaigns
  7. Community level programs
58
Q

What is health promotion

A

A combination of health education and related organizational supply that aims to conduct the health of individuals, groups and communities

59
Q

How is the scope of health behavior changing

A

It is changing due to the introduction of new technologies and an increased demand for strategies to facilitate behavior change

60
Q

What are the 3 types of theories

A
  1. Explanatory theories
  2. Change theories
    3 Implementation theories
61
Q

How do explanatory theories assist in problem solving

A

They are used to identify the causes of a problem and predict the behavior of individuals

62
Q

What is the benefit of change theories?

A

this theory type guides the development of interventions and form a basis for evaluation

63
Q

What is the benefit of implementation theories

A

This theory links to a specific problem and audience

64
Q

What are the characteristics of Theory

A

It should be:
Generalizable, Testable and Abstract

Health Behavior (5 decks)

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