Intro to General Pathology Flashcards
3 Germ layers
Endoderm
Mesoderm
Ectoderm
Innermost germ layer
Endoderm
Middle germ layer
Mesoderm
Outermost germ layer
Ectoderm
Endoderm will develop into the following cells
Lung
Thyroid
Digestive
Mesoderm will develop into the following cells
Cardiac Muscle
Skeletal muscle
Smooth muscle
Kidney tubule
RBCs
Ectoderm will develop into the following cells
Exoskeleton
4 types of tissues
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Tissue that functions to provide protection
Epithelial
Tissue that functions to provide blood supply to the epithelium
Connective
Major ingredient in all connective tissue
Collagen
Types of Connective Tissue
CT Proper
Cartilage
Bone
Blood
Types of CT Proper
Loose
Dense
Types of Loose CT
Areolar
Adipose
Reticular
Types of Dense CT
Regular
Irregular
Elastic
Types of Cartilage
Hyaline
Elastic
Fibrocartilage
Types of Bone tissue
Compact
Spongy
Tissue involved in movement
Muscular Tissue
3 types of muscular tissue
Skeletal
Cardiac
Smooth
Tissue that sends signal, impulse, and messages from the brain to other parts of the body
Nervous
Pathology literal meaning (taken from Greek words Pathos and Logos)
Study of suffering/disease
Father of Modern Pathology
Rudolf Virchow
Father of Medicine
Hippocrates
Hippocrates’ 4 humors
Yellow Bile
Black Bile
Blood
Phlegm
Type of Pathology where changes in tissue that can be seen by the naked eye
Gross Pathology
Changes in the tissue that can be seen using the microscope
Microscopic Pathology
Under Microscopic Pathology
Clinical
Anatomical
Pathology regarding compositions of body fluids, tissues, secretion, exudates, and transudates
Clinical Pathology
Under Clinical Pathology
Clin Chem
Bacteriology
Clin Microscopy
Hematology
Immuno-Sero
Pathology regarding the removal of an organ/tissue in the body for the examinataion/diagnosis
Anatomical Pathology
Under Anatomical Pathology
Histopathology
Any change from a state of health as a result of certain forms of stimuli and stress
Disease
4 aspects of a disease process
Etiology
Pathogenesis
Morphologic Changes
Clinical Manifestations
Cause of disease/Origin of disease
Etioloogy
Course of the condition from the start of the infection up to the healing stage
Pathogenesis
Sequence of events from initial stimulus to ultimate expression of the disease
Pathogenesis
Structural, biochemical, and molecular alteration as a result of disease
Morphologic Changes
Functional consequence of the changes from the disease
Clinical Manifestations
Effects that can be observed by others
Signs
Effects apparent only to the patient
Symptoms
It is through which normal cells handle physiologic demands
Homeostasis
Act of maintaining a steady state
Homeostasis
Changes made by the cell in response to environmental changes (Stress or Stimuli)
Adaptation
Types of cell injury
Reversible
Irreversible
Type of cell injury
The cell is still able to return to its normal state, given that the stimulus or the defect of the cell is only mild
Reversible
Type of cell injury
The defect on the cell is severe, and will eventually lead to cell death
Irreversible
Types of cell death
Apoptosis
Necrosis
type of cell death
Physiologic changes
Apoptosis
type of cell death
Pathologic changes
Necrosis
The body will eat its own components in order to survive
Autophagy
Acquire substances from neighboring cells
Intracellular Accumulation of Substances
The level of calcium is high which hardens the tissues and happens in order to stop further destruction
Pathologic Calcification
The cell is old and there is a decline in function
Cellular Aging
