Intro to General Health

Question 1

General health exam consists of (2)

Answer 1

1) patient history
2) patient examination
a) Distant inspection
b) Physical exam

Cranial to caudal
(head to tail)

Question 2

Types of patient history (2)

Answer 2

1) Immediate patient history

2) General patient history

Question 3

Immediate patient history (examples)

Answer 3

vomitting
caughing
diarrhea

Question 4

General patient history (examples)

Answer 4

food changes
diet
prophylaxis 
vaccination 
de-worming

Question 5

When describing scenario’s things with client (3)

Answer 5

ODT

1) Observations
2) Description
3) Terminology

Question 6

Distant Examination (3)

Answer 6

1) General Appearances
2) Demeanour
3) Posture

Question 7

General Appearance (distant exam): (6)

Answer 7

(ABCDGS)

• Abnormalities
• Body condition/nutrition
• Conformation
• Degree of grooming
• Grooming
• Striking Findings

Question 8

Demeanour (Distant Exam): (5)

Answer 8

1) BAR
2) Dull (depressed) - indifferent
3) Anxious
4) Conscious/unconscious
5) Segregated

Question 9

BAR

Answer 9

Bright
Alert
Responsive

Question 10

Posture (Distant exam)

Answer 10

Arched back (kyphosis) - abdominal pain
Abducted elbows - respiratory distress (dogs)
Sitting posture (sternal recumbency) - respiratory distress (Cats)
"praying posture" - acute abdominal pain

Question 11

Body condition (distant exam)

Answer 11

NOLE:

1) Normal
2) Obese
3) Lean
4) Emaciation/cachexia - wasting syndrome

Question 12

Conformation (distant exam)

Answer 12

body proportions and symmetry

Question 13

Hair coat/skin abnormalities

Answer 13

1) Hair loss - alopecia (unilateral/bilateral)
2) Staining - faeces, urine, saliva
3) Skin - erythema (redness) - dermatitis, pigmentation, hyperkeratosis, haemorrhage

Question 14

Patient vital signs (2)

Answer 14

1) TPR(P)

2) CMC

Question 15

TPR(P)

Answer 15

Patient Vital Signs
Allows you to look for changes over time

1) Temperature
2) Pulse/heart rate
3) Respiratory

4) Pain

Question 16

CMC

Answer 16

Patient Vital Sign

1) Colour
2) Moisture
3) Capillary refill time

Question 17

Temperature (Normal Ranges)
Canine/Feline
Bovine
Equine

Answer 17

Canine: 37.6 - 39.0
Bovine: 38.0 - 39.0
Equine: 37.0 - 38.5

Question 18

High vs. Low Temperature

Answer 18

Part of Physical Exam

High Temp: (HIICSa) Heat stress, Infection, Inflammation, cancer, scared/agitated

Low Temp: Shock, Anesthesia, young animal in cold environment

Question 19

Pulse

Answer 19

Part of Physical Exam
Heart beat/minute (bpm)
Count the pulses in 15s (x4 = 60s)
Femoral artery + Heart rate at same time

Question 20

Normal Heart Rates
Canine
Feline
Bovine
Equine

Answer 20

Canine: 70 - 120 bpm
Feline: 120 - 180 bpm
Bovine: 48 - 84 bpm
Equine: 24 - 44 bpm

Question 21

Respiratory rate (physical exam)

Answer 21

before you touch patient
watch chest rise and fall
Also note RESPIRATORY EFFORT
15s x 4 = Br/m

Question 22

Normal Respiratory Rate
Canine
Feline
Bovine
Equine

Answer 22

Canine: 16-34 br/m
Feline: 20-34 br/m
Bovine: 10-40 br/m
Equine: 8-20 br/m

Question 23

CRT

Answer 23

Part of physical exam

Capillary Refill Time

Question 24

Mucus membrane colours/meaning

Answer 24

Red/pink = normal
White = Anaemia or vasoconstriction
Blue = cyanotic (low o2, severe heart prob)
Yellow = jaundice (liver failure)

Question 25

Prolonged CRT

Answer 25

Blood not circulating properly

Shock, heart disease, other illness