Intro to Fluids

Question 1

Difference between hypovolaemia and dehydration

Answer 1

Hypovolaemia- loss of ciculating volume (ECF), salt and water losses
Dehydration- loss of body water (2/3 ICF adn 1/3 ECF), just water lost- always hypernatremic

Question 2

What parameters give information about hypovolaemia

Answer 2

HR
CRT
PCV/TS
Lactate
Urine Output

Question 3

What parameters give information about dehydration

Answer 3

Dec BW
Sunken eyes
Tacky MM
Inc skin tent

Question 4

How quickly to replace hypovolaemic defecit

Answer 4

6-8hrs

Question 5

How quick to replace dehydration defecit

Answer 5

12-24 hrs

Question 6

How to estimate fluid defecit (L)

Answer 6

% fluid deficit x bodyweight

Question 7

When to give enteral vs IV/rectal fluids

Answer 7

Enteral- For patients with less than 5% defecit
Rectal/IV- Patients with more than 5% deficit

Question 8

3 approaches to replacing fluid deficit

Answer 8

1. Shock dose fluids (60ml/kg for cat/sheep/goat, 90ml/kg for dog/horse/ pig as bolus)
2. Give half deficit as bolus and the rest with maintenance over the next 6-8hrs)
3. Fluid challenge- start on 10ml/kg for cat/sheep/goat or 20ml/kg for dog/horse/pig and keep reassessing

Question 9

How much Hartmanns if equivalent to 1l hypertonic saline

Answer 9

3-5l

Question 10

Maintenance fluid rate

Answer 10

2ml/kg/hr