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Science 8th Grade > Intro to Electricity & Magnetism > Flashcards

Intro to Electricity & Magnetism Flashcards

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1
Q

Static Electricity is the _____ on the surface of an object.

A

Build up of unbalanced charges

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2
Q

______ is potential energy?

A

Static Electricity

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3
Q

Static electricity is the ____ you feel.

A

spark

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4
Q

Electric current is the _______ from one place to another.

A

flow of electrons

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5
Q

Electric current is measured in ______, but is often written as ____ for an ideal conductor.

A

amperes (amps)
I

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6
Q

Voltage is the ____ that drives the current through the circuit

A

Pressure

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7
Q

Conductors are material through which electrons ____ flow easily.

A

Can

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8
Q

Insulators are materials through which electrons ____ flow easily.

A

Cannot

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9
Q

You use wires for circuits. T/F

A

True

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10
Q

Electric currents flow in a _____ or _____.

A

Circle
Circuit

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11
Q

There are ____ types of circuits

A

2

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12
Q

What are the types of circuits

A

Series
Parallel

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13
Q

In a series circuit, the components are _____

A

Connected

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14
Q

In a series circuit, if the circuit is broken, ____ will still work

A

Nothing

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15
Q

In a parallel circuit, there are _____ to the components

A

branches

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16
Q

In a parallel circuit, if the circuit is broken at any one branch, only the components in that branch will _____

A

Turn off.

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17
Q

Most houses and buildings are wired with _____ circuits

A

Parallel

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18
Q

A fuse is a device that _____ by short-circuiting.

A

Protects your house.

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19
Q

In a fuse, a metal strip over-heats and melts, causing _____

A

a break in the flow of electricity

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20
Q

A diode is a device that allows electrical current to flow _____

A

in 1 direction

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21
Q

Examples of diodes

A

LEDs, TV remotes, laptop screens, flat screen TVs

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22
Q

A transistor is a semiconductor that is used to _____

A

Amplify an electrical signal

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23
Q

Examples of where semiconductors are used

A

Cell phones
Computers
Radios

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24
Q

The force between ____ charged protons and ____ charged electrons is what hold electrons in an atom.

A

Positively
Negatively

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25
Q

An electric force is based on two things:
- The amount of ____ on an object
- The ____ the charge, the ____ the force
- The ____ between the charges
- The ____ together the charges, the ____ the force.

A
  • charge
  • greater, greater
  • distance
  • closer, greater
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26
Q

Just like ___, electrical charges are attracted to each other

A

magnets

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27
Q

____ charges are attracted to ___ charges, just like a ____ pole is attracted to a ____ pole of a ____.

A
  • Positive
  • Negative
  • North
  • South
    -Magnet
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28
Q

When you rub certain materials together, such as a balloon with a cloth, ____ are transferred between materials.

A

Electrons

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29
Q

When you rub certain materials together, such as a balloon with a cloth, and electrons are transferred between materials…this gives one material an overall ____ charge, and the other an overall ____ charge.

A

-Positive
- Negative

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30
Q

Static electricity is the ____ of electrical charges on an object.

A

Buildup

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31
Q

Electrical charges built up on an object (Static electricity) remain on the object and ____ ____ ____.

A

Do Not Move

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32
Q

When we have ____ charges, it builds up as static electricity

A

unbalanced

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33
Q

When we touch an object that has the ____ charge than us, ____ ‘jump’ to that object, leading to the ____ that we feel

A
  • Opposite
  • Electrons
  • Shock
34
Q

Electric (static) discharge is the loss of ____ as ____ move off an object.

A
  • Static Electricity
  • Charges
35
Q

____ is a dramatic example of electrical discharge

A

Lightning

36
Q

Conductors are materials through which an ____ can flow ____.

A
  • Electric charge
  • Easily
37
Q

Materials through which an electric charge can flow easily are called ____.

A

Conductors

38
Q

5 examples of conductors are:

A
  • Steel
  • Gold
  • Cooper
  • Silver
  • Sea Water
39
Q

Metals are ____ conductors because their electrons move ____.

A
  • Good
  • Freely
40
Q

Insulators do ____ allow ____ to flow ____.

A
  • Not
  • Electric Charge
  • Easily
41
Q

Materials that do not allow electric charges to flow easily are called ____.

A

Insulators

42
Q

In insulators, electrons are held together ____ and do ____ ____.

A
  • Tightly
  • Not Transfer
43
Q

5 examples of insulators are:

A
  • Rubber
  • Glass
  • Oil
  • Diamond
  • Dry Wood
44
Q

Current is the ____ of ____ from one place to another

A
  • Flow
  • Electrons
45
Q

Current is measured in ____

A

Amperes (amps)

46
Q

Resistance is the ____ to the flow of an electric current.

A

Opposition

47
Q

The ____ the resistance the ____ the electrical current.

A
  • Greater
  • Weaker
48
Q

Good conductors have ___ resistance.

A

Low

49
Q

Resistance is measures in ____

A

Ohms

50
Q

Resistance is affected by what 4 things:

A
  • Material (aluminum and copper have low resistance)
  • Wire Diameter (the thicker the wire the lower the resistance)
  • Wire Length (shorter wire has lower resistence)
  • Temperature (lower temperature has lower resistence)
51
Q

The thinner the wire the ____ the resistance.

A

Higher

52
Q

The longer the wire the ____ the resistance

A

Higher

53
Q

The higher the temperature the ____ the resistance.

A

Higher

54
Q

Electromagnets are ____ magnets that can be turned on or off.

A

Powerful

55
Q

You can make an electromagnet stronger by:

A
  • putting more loops in the coil
  • making a larger core
  • increasing the current moving through the wire
56
Q

A generator is a machine that _____

A

changes mechanical energy into electric energy

57
Q

Generators usually use ____ to create currents in coils of wire

A

magnets

58
Q

A motor is a device that _____

A

converts electrical energy into mechanical energy

59
Q

Strength of force between two magnets depends on the ____ between them.

A

distance

60
Q

Magnetic fields exert a ____ on other magnets and objects made of magnetic materials

A

force

61
Q

The ____ the magnetic field lines are, the ____ the magnetic field.

A
  • closer
  • stronger
62
Q

Only a few metals, such as ____, ____ and ____, are attracted to magnets or can be made into permanent magnets

A
  • iron
  • cobalt
  • nickel
63
Q

All magnets have a ____ and a ____ pole

A
  • north
  • south
64
Q

What kind of magnets are made by placing a magnetic material in a strong magnetic field, forcing magnetic domains to line up

A

Permanent

65
Q

What kind of magnets are made from materials easy to magnetize, but don’t hold magnetism long?

A

Temporary

66
Q

Earth behaves as though it has a ____ magnet running through its center

A

Bar

67
Q

Earth’s magnetism is related to the _____ of molten material within its core

A

Circulation

68
Q

The poles of the imaginery magnet would be located near Earth’s geographic poles.
- ____ in the Northern Hemisphere
- ____ in the Southern Hemisphere

A
  • South
  • North
69
Q

What type of material allows electric charges to flow through?

A

Conductor

70
Q

What type of material does not allow electric charges to flow through?

A

Insulator

71
Q

Rubber is a ____

A

Insulator

72
Q

Most metals are ____

A

Conductors

73
Q

What type of material can help reduce heat loss

A

Insulator

74
Q

What type of material gets cold or hot very quickly

A

Conductors

75
Q

What type of material will help complete a circuit

A

Conductor

76
Q

What can conduct electricity, but only in certain conditions?

A

Semi-conductors

77
Q

What type of charges attract to each others?

A

Opposite

78
Q

Static electricity is formed when ____ are transferred from one object to another

A

Electrons

79
Q

What device amplifies an electronic signal?

A

Transistor

80
Q

What device allows electricity to flow in only one direction?

A

Diode

Science 8th Grade (4 decks)

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