Intro to Ed Psych - Exam #1 Flashcards
What did William James emphasize?
Observing teaching and learning in the classroom for improving education
What did William James say about lessons?
Starting lessons just beyond the child’s level of knowledge and understanding to stretch the child’s mind
What did John Dewey view the child as?
An active learner!
Was Dewey’s idea of the child as an active learner new?
Yes! People before him thought they should be passive
What does it mean for a child to be an active learner? (at least in part)
That children learn best when by doing
What did John Dewey emphasize?
The child’s adaptation to the environment
What does it mean that Dewey emphasized the child’s adaptation to the environment?
That education shouldn’t narrowly focus on just academic topics, but should help children to learn how to think and adapt to the world outside of school
What did John Dewey push for?
Education for all children
What did Dewey establish?
The 1st major U.S. educational psychology lab
What did E.L. Thorndike initiate an emphasis on?
Assessment and measurement of learning
What did E. L. Thorndike promote?
The idea that educational psychology must have a scientific base and that measurement should be a central focus
Who was the first to use the term “gifted” to students to scored quite high on IQ tests?
Leta hollingworth
Who was a researcher who showed that IQ tests were biased against minority children?
George Sanchez
Who were two pineering researchers who studied African American children’s self-conceptions and identity?
Mamie and Kenneth Clark
What was Bloom’s Taxonomy of Cognitive Skills?
Things like remembering, comprehending, sythesizing, evaluating, things that were more so robot like
What was/is Cognitive psychology?
Thought about things like memory, thinking, reasoning, etc to help students learn, more personal words
What makes teaching a science?
It draws from broader theory and research in psychology (which is made by educational psychologists and teacher’s personal experiences)
What makes teaching an art?
Teacher’s make judgements based on personal skills, experiences, and accrued wisdom
What are the two parts of effective teaching?
Professional knowledge and skills along with Commitment, motivation, and caring
Do good teachers treat their students like adults?
Yes!
What kind of teacher does the characteristic of favoritism fall to?
Worse teachers
What kind of teacher does the characteristic of expecting too much fall to?
Worse teachers
What kind of teacher does the characteristic of being too strict or lacking control fall to?
Worse teachers
What kind of teacher does the characteristic of setting high goals for themselves and their students fall to?
Effective teachers
What kind of teacher does the characteristic of integrating technology into the curriculum fall to?
Effective teachers
Define Independent variable
The manipulated/influential factor
Define dependent variable
The factor that’s measured/changes when the independent variable changes
Define Random assignment
When people are assigned by chance
What does it mean to pay more than lip service to individual variations?
To provide differentiated instruction that changes from student-to-student
Define Quantitative Research
Uses numerical calculations to discover information and includes experimental and correlational research designs
Define Qualitative Research
Information gathered using descriptive methods; includes interviews, case studies, and ethnographic studies
Define Mixed Methods Research
Blends different research designs and/or methods
What are two types of time span studies?
Cross sectional and longitudinal
What is a cross-sectional study?
Studying groups of people at one time
What is a pro of cross-sectional studies?
The researcher doesn’t have to wait until subjects grow older
What is a con of cross-sectional studies?
It provides no information about the stability of data over time
What is a Longitudinal Study?
Studying the same people over time
What can a longitudinal study be helpful for in educational psychology?
Evaluating how children change over time
What is the con of longitudinal studies?
It’s time consuming and costly
What does statistical significance mean?
The results of a study are not due to sampling error
What is program evaluation?
Designed to make decisions about the effectiveness of a particular program
What is Action Research?
This research is used to solve a particular classroom or school problem
What does “Teacher-as-Researcher” mean?
Teachers conduct their own studies to improve their teaching practices
