Exceptional Children - Exam #2 Flashcards
What is the difference between being disabled and being handicapped?
Disabled is having a disability, and being handicapped means that it their disability interferes with their life in a way that’s imposed on them (like not having a ramp)
What is a handicapping condition?
Impediments to the learning and functioning of individuals with a disability that have been imposed by society
Define a child with a learning disability
A child that has difficulty in learning that involves understanding or using spoken or written language, and the difficulty can appear in listening, thinking, reading, writing, spelling, and doing mathematics.
When can something be classified as a learning disability?
When the learning problem is not primarily the result of visual, hearing, or motor disabilities; intellectual disability; emotional disorders; or due to environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage (basically when it’s not anything else that’s causing them to do worse in that particular thing)
What are two things that lead to boys being labeled as having a learning disability more than girls?
Biological vulnerability and a referral bias
What is a referral bias?
When one group is more likely to be referred by teachers for treatment because of their behavior
Do children grow out of learning disabilities?
No
If children with learning disabilities are taught in a regular classroom without extensive support achieve the level of competence of children without a disability? Even those who are low achieving?
Yes, but rarely.
Can children with learning disabilities lead normal lives and engage in productive work?
Yes!
A what level does diagnosis and support services fall to?
State level, school-to-school in some cases
Who is initial identification done by for a child with a learning disability? Who do they reach out to?
The teacher! A specialist!
What two types of assessments are required when a learning disability is suspected?
Individual psychological evaluation of intelligence and educational assessments (such as current level of achievement)
What other tests may be used to evaluate a learning disability once it’s suspected?
Visual-motor skill tests, language, and memory exams
What does IDEA stand for?
Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1990 and 1997)
What does The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act do(broadly)?
It created broad mandates for services to all children with disabilities.
What does The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act include?
Evaluation and eligibility determination, appropriate education, an individualized education plan (IEP), and an education in the least restrictive environment (LRE)
Why is IDEA such a big deal?
It means that public schools must accommodate disabled children in one way or another, before this they’d be turned away
What does IEP stand for?
Individualized Education Plan
What does LRE stand for?
(education in the) Least Restrictive Environment
What are three types of least restrictive environments?
General Education Classroom, Inclusion classrooms, and Self-contained classrooms
What does RTI stand for?
Response to Intervention
What does the RTI process do?
It reduces over-identification of learning disabilities, and can provide data for more effective and earlier identification of students with a learning disability and is a systematic way to ensure that students get more timely and effective support
How does the RTI process reduce over-identification?
Making sure that quality instruction and interventions have first been applied
What are the ratios of student to teacher from least to most restrictive classrooms?
15-1, 12-1, 8-1, and 6-1
What is FAPE?
Free Appropriate Public Education
What does FAPE do?
mandates that public schools must provide special education (and related) to families for free
What is a 504 plan?
A plan made to ensure that a disabled child will get accommodations for academic success and access to the learning environment
What is the diagnosis rate of ODD?
I think it’s around 6%ish (or 2-11%) of children
