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AnSci Final > Intro to Dogs > Flashcards

Intro to Dogs Flashcards

1
Q

Domestication

A
  • 1st animal to be domesticated
  • Stone Age
  • Newer research - Middle East
  • May have started 30,000 years ago
  • North America - bones from 11,000 years ago
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2
Q

Predator

A
  • Wolf-like
  • Not as strict carnivore as cats
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3
Q

Development of Dog Breeds

A
  • Most breeds developed in last 150-200 years
  • Knowledge of genetics - desire to have specific breeds
  • Changes in human culture
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4
Q

Male (intact), Female, Young

A

Dog (Stud), Bitch, Pups

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5
Q

Parturition term

A

Whelping

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6
Q

Altering a female term

A

Spaying

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7
Q

Cropping and Docking

A

Doberman pinscher (cut and dock bc of tradition)

Cropping - cutting of the ears
* Cut part of ear off and tape upward so they develop in erect position

Docking - cutting of the tail
* Do this within a few days of birth

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8
Q

Withers location

A

Highest part of back (by neck)

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9
Q

Sight

A
  • Dichromatic (like red-green color blindness in humans)
  • Better in low-light
  • Better motion detection
  • Breed variation
  • Poorer acuity
  • Maybe equivalent to 20:50 or 20:100
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10
Q

Hearing

A
  • Can hear higher-pitched sounds
  • Maybe hear lower volume sounds
  • Mobile ears - locate source of sounds
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11
Q

Smell

A
  • 200+ million receptors
  • Compare to about 5 million for humans
  • Larger area of sensing tissue
  • Brain devoted to smell is larger (40x)
  • Dogs can sense odors at concentrations 100 million times lower than humans
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12
Q

Taste

A
  • Humans have 9000 taste buds
  • Dogs 1706
  • Cats 473
  • Closely related to sense of smell
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13
Q

Considerations with dog ownership

A

Do you have time?
* Exercise, Grooming, Training

Can you afford a dog?
* Startup costs, Normal maintenance costs, Health care costs
* Other costs: Medical, license, good, toys/treats
* Difficult to find a free dog to get

Does housing allow it?
Travel?
Other Pets?
Plans for the next 10-15 years?
Allergies?

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14
Q

Basic Care

A

Housing
license/identification
spay/neuter
Eventual disposal
Grooming
* Brush your dog to control shedding
* Check for fleas and ticks
* Bathe at least a few times per year
* Clip nails

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15
Q

Choosing a Type of Dog

A

Mostly personal preference:
* What “look” you like
* What size
* What you want dog to do
* Is breed trainable for what you want to do?
* Does it fit your personality?: Loyalty, friendliness, mellowness, etc
* Apartment allow it?

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16
Q

Purebred: Overall Predictability

A
  • Set by breeding: inbreeding/linebreeding, homozygosity
  • Appearance when mature
  • Adult size
  • Behavior/temperament - selection for behaviors
17
Q

Purebred vs. Mixed Breed

A
  • Purebreds have predictability
  • What do you want to do with the dog?
  • Health / temperament: Both sides may be able to claim good health/temperament

Personal opinion considerations:
* Pride of having a pure-bred; personal preference
* Moral reasons - saving a dog from a shelter, etc

18
Q

AKC Dog Groupings: Sporting

A
  • Most of these selected to hunt birds
  • Naturally active and alert
  • Group includes pointers, retrievers, setters, spaniels
  • Remarkable instincts in water and woods
  • Many participate in hunting/field activities
  • Require regular, invigorating exercise
  • Most of these breeds have a soft mouth - when they retrieve birds they don’t chew it up
  • Pointing: when they sense a bird in front of them, they go into a position that “points” at the bird - freeze and lock on bird
19
Q

AKC Dog Groupings: Hounds

A
  • Very diverse group, used for hunting
  • Some use scenting to find prey, others use sight or stamina
  • Need exercise
  • Dachshund, Greyhound
20
Q

AKC: Working

A
  • Bred to perform jobs, including guarding property, pulling sleds, water rescue, guarding livestock
  • Intelligent, capable, fast learners
  • Considerable dimensions and strength
21
Q

AKC: Terrier

A

Energetic, and feisty character
Bred to hunt and kill vermin
Require owners with determination
* Training is challenging
* Not a soft mouth

22
Q

AKC: Toy

A
  • Bred to be pets, companions
  • Have longer life-spans
  • Great for apartments or small spaces
  • Easier to control, cost less, eat less food
23
Q

AKC: Non-sporting

A

Vary in size and disposition
Most developed for a specific purpose

24
Q

AKC: Herding

A
  • Very intelligent and respond well to training
  • Control movement of other animals
  • Need a lot of exercise, something to herd - outlet for herding
  • German Shepherd, Australian Cattle Dog, Pembroke Welsh Corgi
25
Q

AKC: “Designer Dogs”

A
  • Planned crossbreeding (hybrids)
  • Labradoodles, goldendoodles, etc
  • Bullnese
  • Gointer
  • Papichon
26
Q

Most Popular Breeds (2021)

A
  1. Labrador Retriever
  2. French bulldog

AnSci Final (11 decks)

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