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PAM 100 > Intro to Different Agents and Modalities > Flashcards

Intro to Different Agents and Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

Consists of energy and materials applied to patients to assist in rehabilitation.

A

PHYSICAL AGENT

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2
Q

Include heat, cold, water, light, sound, and electricity may be applied to the body

A

PHYSICAL AGENT

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3
Q

Refer to those physical agents that provide a change in tissue temperature, either heating or cooling the tissue

A

THERMAL MODALITIES

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4
Q

PHYSICAL AGENT MODALITIES

A

Thermal modalities
Electromagnetic modalities
Electric modalities
Mechanical modalities

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5
Q

Categories of thermal modalities

A
  • Superficial Thermal Agents and
  • Deep Thermal Agents
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5
Q

Facilitate transfer of energy through conduction, convection, or conversion and through radiation and evaporation

A

THERMAL MODALITIES

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6
Q

one surface with heat energy transfers heat to another surface through direct contact. There should be direct contact in order to transfer heat

A

Conduction

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7
Q

There is also a need for direct contact from one material to the heat surface. There is a continuously circulating of heat energy

A

Convection

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8
Q

Transfer of other forms of energy to another energy into heat energy. Electrical to heat - Chemical to heat energy

A

Conversion

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9
Q

Result of energy exchange by direct collision between the molecules of two materials at different temperatures.

A

CONDUCTION

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9
Q

change of liquid into gas. Thermal energy is transferred through the changes of state of a liquid into gas when it is applied to the body

A

Evaporation

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10
Q

Heat is conducted from the material at the higher temperature to the material at the lower temperature as faster-moving molecules in the warmer material collide with molecules in the cooler material, causing them to accelerate.

A

CONDUCTION

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11
Q

Occurs only between materials of different temperatures that are in direct contact with each other

A

CONDUCTION

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12
Q

Occurs as the result of direct contact between a circulating medium and another material of a different temperature

A

CONVECTION

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13
Q

During heating or cooling by _____ , the thermal agent is in motion, so new parts of the agent at the initial treatment temperature keep coming into contact with the patient’s body part

A

CONVECTION

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14
Q

Involves the conversion of a nonthermal form of energy, such as mechanical, electrical, or chemical energy, into heat

A

CONVERSION

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15
Q

is not affected by the temperature of the thermal agent

A

CONVERSION

16
Q

Does not require direct contact between the thermal agent and the body; however, it does require any intervening material to be a good transmitter of that type of energy

A

CONVERSION

17
Q

Involves the direct transfer of energy from a material with a higher temperature to one with a lower temperature without the need for an intervening medium or contact

A

RADIATION

18
Q

A material must absorb energy to evaporate and thus change form from a liquid to a gas or vapor

A

EVAPORATION

19
Q

This energy is absorbed in the form of heat derived from the material itself or from an adjoining material, resulting in a decrease in temperature

A

EVAPORATION

20
Q

The application of modalities to the surface of the body that heat primarily the surface tissues

A

Superficial thermal agents

21
Q

Are those that primarily change the temperature of the skin and of superficial subcutaneous tissues. This may also include the shadow tissues in our body, tissues near our skin

A

Superficial thermal agents

22
Q

Generally penetrates to depths of less than 2cm from the surface of the skin

A

Superficial thermal agents

23
Q

Use electromagnetic waves such as radio waves, microwaves, and light waves to transport electrical and magnetic energy through space to effect changes in body structures

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC MODALITIES

23
Q

The application of modalities that cause a tissue temperature rise in deeper tissues (3-4cm below the skin)

A

Deep thermal agents

24
Q

Literally means “to heat through”

A

DIATHERMY

25
Q

Involves the use of electromagnetic energy passing through and being absorbed by the body and then converted into heat Form of heat that works by conversion. Targets the deep structures of the body.

A

DIATHERMY

26
Q

Can increase the temperature of large areas of deep tissue, thus, its use is indicated when one is trying to achieve the clinical benefits of heat in deep structures

A

DIATHERMY

27
Q

Uses electrotherapeutic currents and waveforms to influence physiological effects on client body structures and functions

A

ELECTRIC MODALITIES

28
Q

Influence physiologic change in tissues to increase circulation
facilitate tissue healing, modify edema, and modulate pain

A

ELECTRIC MODALITIES

29
Q

Different Electric Modalities:

A
  1. Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)
  2. Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)
  3. Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)
  4. Electrical Stimulation for Tissue Repair (ESTR)
  5. High-Voltage Pulsed Current stimulation (HVPC)
30
Q

Uses surface electrodes to deliver a pulsed electrical current through the skin to stimulate nerves for controlling and relieving pain.

A

Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation (TENS)

31
Q

Refers to eliciting a muscle contraction with electrical currents

A

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)

32
Q

Stimulation of innervated muscle to restore muscle function (Applied to clients for clients with peripheral nerve injury)

A

Neuromuscular Electrical Stimulation (NMES)

33
Q

Activates muscles with electrical stimulation to perform functional activities.

A

Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES)

34
Q

Uses electrical stimulation for edema reduction, enhancement of circulation, and wound management

A

Electrical Stimulation for Tissue Repair (ESTR)

35
Q

A twin-peak, monophasic, pulsed current driven by its characteristically high electromotive force or voltage

A

High-Voltage Pulsed Current stimulation (HVPC)

36
Q

Refers to therapeutic use of mechanical devices to apply force such as compression, distraction, vibration, or controlled mobilization to modify biomechanical properties and functions of tissues.

A

MECHANICAL MODALITIES

37
Q

Effects of these mechanical modalities include increased circulation and lymphatic flow or increased tissue and joint mobility

A

MECHANICAL MODALITIES

38
Q

A mechanical force applied to the body in a way that separates the joint surfaces and elongates surrounding soft tissues.

A

Mechanical traction

39
Q

A mechanical force that increases external pressure on the body or a body part

A

External compression

PAM 100 (8 decks)

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