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PAM 100 > Electromagnetic Modalities > Flashcards

Electromagnetic Modalities Flashcards

1
Q

use electromagnetic waves such
as radio waves, microwaves, and light waves to transport
electrical and magnetic energy through space to effect in body
structures

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC MODALITIES

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2
Q

The distance expressed in meters or centimeters

A

WAVELENGTH

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3
Q

The rate of passage of crests on the wave from expressed in
cycles per second or hertz (Hz)

A

FREQUENCY

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4
Q

Consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields at right
angles to one another and at right angle to the propagation
direction

A

ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES

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5
Q

a particle produces by molecular motion

A

PHOTONS

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6
Q

The two most important properties of electromagnetic waves in relation to therapeutic modalities are their

A

energy and their
inertia

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7
Q

as waves hit the substance, they bounce back

A

Reflection

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8
Q

the waves bend as they pass thru the substance

A

Refraction

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9
Q

the wave is transmitted thru the substance

A

Absorption

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10
Q

Partially transmitted waves are absorbed by the tissues and turned into heat

A

Absorption

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11
Q

The intensity of the electromagnetic wave is inversely proprtional to the distance squared

A

Inverse square law

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12
Q

When the source is at an angle, some of it is
reflected to the side rather than moving into the
tissue

A

Cosine or right-angle law

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13
Q

Full effects

A

90 degrees

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14
Q

50% effect

A

30 degrees

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15
Q

“Energy that is absorbed by superficial layers is no
longer available to deeper-lying tissues”

A

Law of Grotthus-Draper

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16
Q

There is an optimal amount of energy absorption per
unit of time that is beneficial

A

Arndt-Schultz principle

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17
Q

High-frequency electromagnetic radiation is ionizing and can
break molecular bonds to form ions.

A

Ionizing radiation

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18
Q

Lower-frequency electromagnetic radiation is nonionizing
and cannot break molecular bonds or produce ions

A

Non-ionizing radiation

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19
Q

DO NOT increase tissue temperature

A

Nonthermal mechanisms

20
Q

Thermal mechanisms

A

can increase tissue
temperature

21
Q

produces superficial heating
and not requiring direct contact with the body

A

Infrared Light

22
Q

produces erythema and tanning of the skin and epidermal
hyperplasia and is essential for Vit D synthesis

A

Ultraviolet Light

23
Q

It is used primarily for the treatment of
psoriasis and other skin disorders

A

Ultraviolet Light

24
Q

can be used to heat deep tissues and, when applied at a low-average intensity using a
pulsed signal, may decrease pain and edema and facilitate tissue healing by nonthermal mechanisms

A

Shortwave and microwave energy

25
Q

used to promote tissue
healing and to control pain and
inflammation by nonthermal mechanisms

A

Visible Light

26
Q

Capacitive plates should be

A

2 to 10 cm away from the skin surface

27
Q

Use a towel to absorb any moisture that may occur

A

Continuous (Thermal) SWD

28
Q

Sensation of Continuous (Thermal) SWD

A

slight tingling or warmth

29
Q

Non thermal so it is not uncommon for the patient to
not feel any particular sensation

A

Pulsed (nonthermal) SWD

30
Q

application of light for a variety of devices for a variety of
therapeutic purposes

A

LIGHT THERAPY

31
Q

used to treat orthopedic injuries helping to
reduce pain and inflammation, and skin conditions like
psoriasis or acne by promoting healing and tissue repair

A

LIGHT THERAPY

32
Q

no parameter adjustments need to be made

A

Type I,II, and III

33
Q

use 80-90% of the recommended maximum power

A

Type IV

34
Q

70-80% of the recommended maximum power

A

Type V

35
Q

use 60-70% of the recommended maximum power

A

Type VI

36
Q

for focal application with maximum
penetration depth and the strongest thermal effect

A

10 mm spacer

37
Q

optimal for most applications, it
features an optimal ratio between the penetration
depth and the thermal effect

A

30 mm spacer:

38
Q

suitable for the superficial
applications; has a lower penetration depth and a
lower thermal effect; suitable for the treatment of
acute and superficial conditions

A

60 mm spacer

39
Q

used to decrease pain

A

Analgesic

40
Q

used to support the healing and
regeneration of the affected area

A

Biostimulation

41
Q

Distance of lamp to skin

A

0.45 to 0.6 m

42
Q

Preheat non-luminous lamp

A

5 minutes

43
Q

MWD frequency

A

2456-915 MHz

44
Q

electrical fields

A

MWD

45
Q

SWD frequency

A

10-50 MHz

PAM 100 (8 decks)

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