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MedNeuro Block 1 > Intro To CNS > Flashcards

Intro To CNS Flashcards

1
Q

Cinfguate gyrus under falx cerebri in long fissure btwn cerebral hemispheres w/ free infereior edge

  • the cingultae is part of the limbic system and will herniate under/into the falx
  • often on symptoms
A

Subfalcine

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2
Q

Center portion Brainstem pushed inf towards foramen magnum

- puts pressure on CN exiting the brainstem, often Abducent

A

Central

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3
Q

runs in horizontal plane; from occiplital from cerebellum

-The uncus (medial lobe) herniates underneath or through the tentorial notch

A

Transtentorial

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4
Q

Cerebellar tonsils through FM

-if theres increased pressure in cranial cavity, will put pressure on brainstem: can shut down basic bodily fnxs

A

Tonsillar

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5
Q

When does arachnoid dip into the sulci/fissure

A

Falx cerebri

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6
Q

Arachnoid is vascular/avasular

and contains what system?

A

Avascular w/ vascular system–CSF in subarachnoid space

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7
Q

Where is CSF located?

A

subarachoid space

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8
Q

Returns CSF to venous circulation

A

arachnoid villi

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9
Q

Where do the arachnoid villi project into?

A

dural venous sinuses, to return CSF

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10
Q

Forms a perivascular sheath

A

Pia mater

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11
Q

Seperates subarachnoid spave from perivascular space

A

pia mater

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12
Q

What are ventricle systems?

A

fluid filled spaces, lumen that was lumen of neural tube will curve and flex as it devos

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13
Q

Body/temporal/occipital meet = ?

A

Antrum

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14
Q

lf and rt laterals drain to_____here via

A

3rd/ Inverventricular foramen of Monroe

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15
Q

Passageway between 3/4 ventricles

A

Cerebral aqueduct

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16
Q

has a roof of superior medullary velum and floor is the inferior medullary velum

A

4th ventricle

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17
Q

lies anterior to occipital lobe and post to brainstem

A

4th Ventricle

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18
Q

Where can CSF exit the ventricles to get into the subarachnoid space?

A

4th ventricle: Foramen on Magendie or Median aperature

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19
Q

How does CSF get to the superior sagital sinus?

A

-Travels 2 Sup Sag Sinus via Lateral aspects of brain→drains into sup sag sinus via granulations

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20
Q

How and where does CSF travel in the spinal cord?

A

In the spinal canal. Pulsations help move it along as well as cilia lining it’s epithelium

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21
Q

Thin layer of cells that seperates lateral ventricles

A

Septum Pellucidum

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22
Q

Nerve fibers connecting central cerebral hemis

A

Corpus collusum

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23
Q

Secreates CSF

A

choroid plexus in the ventricles

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24
Q

Frontal lobe functions

A

a. Higher Cognitive fnx; judgement calls, behavior, personality
b. controls VOLUNTARY movm; primary motor cortex is here
c. MOTOR area for SPEECH :: CC; dsyphagia would be in Brocas area

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25
Q

Frontal Lobe Boundaries

A

ant to central sulcus and superior to lateral fissure

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26
Q

Primary Motor complex~~ steps originate here (in coronal plane)

A

Precentral Gyrus (Frontal lobe division)

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27
Q

Functions of Superior and Middle Frontal Gyri

A

premotor/supplementary motor= make decisions to move

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28
Q

Three divisions of Inferior frontal Gyrus

A

Opercular + Triangular + Orbital

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29
Q

Function of Opercular division of Inferior Frontal Gyrus

A

(lid over deep cortex in sylvian fissu)—Left hemisphere = Broca’s area)

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30
Q

Function of Triangular division of Inferior Frontal Gyrus

A

(apex towards sylvian fissure and base along inferior frontal sulcus—Left hemisphere = Broca’s area)

31
Q

What does the Gyri Rectus contain?

A

olfactory sulcus containing bulb is here

32
Q

What lobule is Posterior to the Central Sulcus?

A

Parietal Lobule

33
Q

Function of the Parietal Lobule

A

INTEGRATES sensory information (snowball analogy) spatial sense, coordinate body positions,

34
Q

If you can’t recognize own body as part of self, what area has mostly likely been damaged?

A

Parietal Lobule

35
Q

What is our Primary Sensory Cortex?

A

Postcentral Gyrus of Parietal lobe

36
Q

What Broadman’s areas are included in Postcentral gyrus

A

1,2, 3

37
Q

What runs perpendicular to postcentral sulucus and sep inf/sup parietal lobule?

A

Intraparietal sulcus in parietal lobe

38
Q

Two subdivisions of the Inferior Parietal lobe

A

Supramarginal gyrus

Angular gyrus

39
Q

Function of Supramarginal gyrus of Parietal lobe

A

language, sensory aspect like comprehnesion

40
Q

Function of Angular gyrus of Parietal lobe?

A

near the superior edge of the temporal lobe, and immediately posterior to the supramarginal gyrus; language, number processing and spatial cognition, memory retrieval, attention, and theory of mind

41
Q

Function of Temporal lobe

A
  1. Comprehension of language (especially in superior temporal gyrus along slyvian/lateral fissure)
  2. Primary auditory cortex is here = interpretation of sounds
42
Q

Where is primary auditory cortex located?

A

Superior Temporal Gyri

43
Q

What are the functions of the superior temporal gyri… what is located there?

A

Primary auditory cortex + Wernickes Area

44
Q

Function and location of Wernickes

A

Superior temporal gyri: comprehension of language

CC: word salad

45
Q

How many gyri in temporal region

A

Superior/Inferior/Middle

46
Q

Fusiform gyrus is part of which lobes?

A

Occipital and temporal

47
Q

Location of limbic lobe

A

medial aspect of cerebral hemi

48
Q

Function of limbic lobe

A

Emotions, drives, memory: feeling, feeding, fighting, flight, fuck

49
Q

This is part of primary olfactory cortex

CC:in epilepsy you get bad smell b4 episode called uncilate fits that originates here

A

Uncus–Limbic lobe

50
Q

Who’s function is: emotions/memory/drive to do things

A

Hippocampus–limbic lobe

51
Q

Amygdala is gray or white matter?– limbic lobe

A

GRAY; cluster of nuclie

52
Q

Function of amygdala (limibic lobe)

A

memory and emotional reactions

53
Q

Function of Insula (limbic lobe)

A

olfaction and descriminative touch

–see if you split lateral fissure and look deep

54
Q

Where can you see Basal Ganglia

A

(nuclie, neuron cell bodies deep w/in white matter)

55
Q

Fucntion of Basal Ganglia?

A

Precise control of voluntary mvmt

56
Q

What makes up the lateral wall of the lateral ventcle?

A

Caudate nucleus

57
Q

What basal ganglia are key for motor activity?

A

Lenticular Nuclie

58
Q

Putman in lenticulate nuclei is located:

A

laterally

59
Q

Globus Pallidus in Lenticulate nuclei located:

A

medially

60
Q

What’s buried deep within the lateral fissure?

A

Insula

61
Q

‘secretary’ ANY sensation except smell goes through here before gets to cortex

A

Thalamus

62
Q

makes up lateral wall of 3rd ventricle (more posteriorly) w/ connection btwn them

A

Thalamus

63
Q

Hypothalamus function:

A

endocrine system key here and plays role in ANS

64
Q

What does the hypothalamus connect to?

A

Pituitary

65
Q

What forms more anterior part of 3rd ventrcle?

A

Hypothalamus

66
Q

What is sensitive to light, has melatonin for sleep/wake cycle

A

Pituitary

67
Q

These guys are projections anterior to midbrain

-part of limbic system, so memory disturbances happen here if damaged

A

Mammilary bodies

68
Q

Function of Cerebellum

A

Processes Sensory information to regulate movement; fine tuning mvmt to make it smooth

69
Q

These guys are located inferiorly by foramen magnum and can herniate inferiorly if high pressure

A

Cerebellar Tonsils

70
Q

SP Cd: gray/white matter on inside, grey/white matter on outside

A

gray matter on inside, white matter on outside

71
Q

Function of Brainstem

A
  1. Homeostasis

2. Sensory motor and ANS and innervation of head and neck region and special senses

72
Q

What divides the brainstem

A

cerebral aqueduct

73
Q

What makes up the Tectum?

A

Inferior and superior colliculi

74
Q

Another word for Tegmentum

A

cerebral peduncles

MedNeuro Block 1 (6 decks)

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